INTRODUCTION xli 



§§§§ Ovary syncarpous, one-chambered ; carpels 2 — 5 ; placenta 

 free-central or basal 



Order 12. Caryophylldcece. (The Pink Family).— Herbs, mostly 

 with swollen nodes ; opposite, simple leaves ; flowers polysym- 

 metric, white or red; sepals 4 — 5 ; petals 4 — 5 ; stamens 8 — 10 ; 

 styles 2 — 5 ; ovules many ; placentation free-central ; fruit a 

 capsule, opening by teeth or pores, (p. 69.) 



Order 13. Portuldcece (The Purslane Family). — Smooth, suc- 

 culent herbs with exstipulate, simple, entire leaves, opposite or 

 alternate ; small flowers ; sepals 2 ; petals 5 ; stamens 3 — 5 ; 

 ovules few, basal, (p. 87.) 



Order 14. Tamarisdnece (The Tamarisk). — A shrub with 

 minute leaves and lateral spikes of small flowers ; sepals and 

 petals 4—5 each; stamens 4 — 10, on a disk; styles 3; ovules 

 many, basal, (p. 88.) 



§§§§§ Ovary syncarpous, two- or more-chambered ; placentas 

 axile 



Order 15. Elatinaz (The Waterwort Family). — Small aquatic 

 herbs with opposite, stipulate, spathulate leaves and minute 

 axillary flowers ; sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels 2 — 5 each ; 

 ovules many. (p. 89.) 



Order 16. Hypericinece (The St. John's-wort Family). — 

 Herbs or shrubs with opposite, simple leaves, often dotted with 

 glands, and conspicuous yellow polysymmetric flowers, generally 

 in cymes ; sepals 5 ; petals 5 ; stamens polyadelphous ; carpels 

 3 — 5 ; ovules many. (p. 90.) 



Order 17. Malvdcece (The Mallow Family). — -Herbs or shrubs 

 with mucilaginous juice, scattered, stipulate leaves, and conspicuous 

 polysymmetric flowers ; sepals 5, valvate ; petals 5, convolute ; 

 stamens monadelphous ; carpels many, each i-ovuled. (p. 

 92.) 



Order 18. Tilidcecs (The Linden Family). — Trees with 

 scattered, stipulate, oblique, serrate leaves, a large bract adherent 

 to the flower-stalk, and clusters of greenish polysymmetric flowers ; 

 sepals 5 ; petals 5 ; stamens many ; carpels 5, each 2-ovuled. 

 (p. 96.) 



Order 19. Linece (The Flax Family). — Herbs with slender 

 stems ; narrow, simple, entire, exstipulate leaves and polysym- 

 metric flowers ; sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels 4 — 5 each ; 

 petals fugacious ; carpels 2-ovuled. (p. 97.) 



Order 20. Geranidcece (The Crane's-bill Family). — Herbs, 

 often succulent, with leaves generally stipulate ; and conspicuous 



