[44 



ROSACEA 



short rhizome and nodulose rootlets; leaves interruptedly pinnate, 

 leaflets cut into harrow serrated segments ; flowers in crowded, 

 erect, compound cymes, pink externally in bud, when open, white 

 and scentless. — Dry pastures on a limestone soil. Distinguished 

 from the preceding by its elegantly cut foliage, pink buds, and 

 whiter, scentless blossoms. A double flowered variety is common 

 in gardens. — Fl. June, July. Perennial. 



3. RrjBUS (Bramble). — Shrubs or herbs, usually prickly ; leaves 

 scattered, stipulate ; flowers in terminal and axillary clusters, rarely 

 solitary, white or pink ; sepjls 5, persistent ; petals 5 ; carpels 

 many, on a convex, spongy receptacle ; ovules 2 in each carpel; 

 fruit an etaerio of 1 seeded drupels. (Name classical.) 



1. R. Idceus (Raspberry). — A shrub with many suckers, and 

 nearly erect, round, glaucous, prickly stem; leaves pinnate, of 

 3 — 5 leaflets, white and hoary beneath ; flowers drooping ; fruit 

 hoary, red, or amber-coloured, separating from the receptacle 

 when ripe. — Rocky woods ; common. The origin of the garden 

 raspberry, which differs but little from it. — Fl. May — August. 

 Perennial. 



2. J?, fruticosus (Bramble or Blackberry). — The collective name 

 for a large number of closely allied forms, which, though many 

 of them have fairly definite distinctive characters, are difficult to 

 discriminate. They agree in being shrubs, without suckers, with 

 prickly stems; leaves of 3 — 5 leaflets arranged palmately or 

 pedately ; flowers in erect compound panicles ; and fruit claret- 

 colour or black, not separating from receptacle when ripe. Nearly 

 a hundred species have been described as British, besides many 

 named varieties ; but it will be sufficient here to describe the 

 nine main groups under which these puzzling forms are arranged. 

 Group I., Suberecti — Stems usually sub-erect, rarely rooting at the 

 tip, glabrous or very slightly hairy, without bristles or gland-tipped 

 hairs, with prickles mostly equal and confined to the angles of the 

 stem ; stipules linear ; leaves, when mature, green beneath : sepals 

 green, with narrow white margin ; drupels numerous. Group II., 

 Rhamnifblii — Stems high-arching, often rooting from a callus at 

 the tip and thus giving rise to a multitude of individuals, glabrous, 

 or with few hairs, usually without stalked glands ; prickles mostly 

 equal »and confined to the angles ; sepals grey, or white-felted, 

 with no conspicuous white margin, often reflexed in fruit ; fruit 

 large, black, juicy. Group III., Discolbres — Stems arched or 

 prostrate, rooting at the end, with ad pressed hairs and equal, 

 strong prickles, with no stalked glands ; leaves quinate, white-felted 

 beneath ; sepals grey, reflexed in fruit ; petals often pink ; drupels 



