156 ROSACEA 



i. P. Sanguisbrba (Salad-Burnet). — Glabrous, or nearly so, 

 about a foot high ; leaves of 5 — 10 pairs of oblong, coarsely serrate 

 leaflets, having the taste and smell of cucumber ; peduncle angular j 

 flower-heads reddish, the upper flowers producing their crimson 

 stigmas before the lower ones produce their 20—30 pendulous 

 stamens ; calyx-tube with netted veins between the 4 wings. — Dry 

 pastures, especially on a calcareous soil. — Fl. June — August. 

 Perennial. 



2. P. polygamum (Prickly Salad-Burnet). — A closely-allied 

 species with a larger fruit and prickly wings to the calyx-tube. — 

 Cultivated on chalky soil. — Fl. June, July. Perennial. 



13. Sanguis6rba (Burnet). — A herbaceons perennial with hori- 

 zontal rhizome; leaves pinnate, of 9 — 13 distinctly stalked 

 leaflets ; flotvers all perfect, in cylindric heads, an inch or more in 

 length, containing honey ; sepals 4 ; petals o ; stamens 4 ; achenes 

 1 — 2. (Name from the Latin sanguis, blood, sorbeo, I absorb, the 

 plant having been used to stanch bleeding.) 



1. S. officinalis (Great Burnet). — A tall erect branched plant ; 

 leaves pinnate of 9 — 13 oblong-cordate, serrate, distinctly stalked 

 leaflets ; flowers in oblong or cylindric, long-stalked heads, 

 purplish-brown, all perfect ; stamens 4, not exserted ; calyx-tube in 

 fruit smooth between the 4 wings. — Damp meadows ; not un- 

 common. — Fl. June — August. Perennial. 



14. Rosa (Rose). — Shrubs, usually prickly ; leaves pinnate, 

 serrate; stipules adnate to the sheathing petiole ; flowers terminal ; 

 calyx-tube persistent, fleshy, contracted at the mouth, with 5 leafy, 

 imbricate sepals ; petals 5 •; stamens indefinite, inserted on the disk 

 at the mouth of the calyx-tube j carpels generally numerous, in the 

 bottom of the calyx tube, i-ovuled; fruit, an etaerio of achenes. 

 (Name Classical.) 



Botanists differ widely in their conceptions of the species of this 

 difficult genus ; but the indigenous British forms fall into some 

 twelve or thirteen fairly distinct groups, most of which are ac- 

 cepted by all authorities and their sequence generally agreed 

 upon. Hybrids, however, occur between members of different 

 groups. In collecting herbarium specimens of Roses, a twig 

 bearing a fully-formed fruit, with the sepals still on it, should be 

 preserved. 



1. R. spinosissima (Burnet or Scotch Rose). — An erect, much- 

 branched shrub, 1 — 4 feet high, covered with very unequal, nearly 

 straight prickles, passing into stiff bristles and glandular hairs ; 

 leaves of 7 — 9 simply serrated, smooth leaflets ; flowers solitary, 

 white; sepals undivided, smooth; /rz/z'/subglobose, dark purple. — 



