252 COMPOSITE 



Sub-Order II. Liguliflorce. — Florets all ligulate : juice milky 



Tribe 8. dehor dcece. — Leaves scattered : florets ligulate, ^-toothed 



35. Cich6rium. — Involucre of 2 rows, inner of 8 scales, refiexed 

 after flowering ; outer of 5 smaller loose scales ; pappus a double 

 row of small chaffy scales. 



36. Arnoseris. — Bracts about 12 in 1 row, converging after 

 flowering ; receptacle flat, naked, pitted ; pappus reduced to a 

 ring. 



37. LapsAna. — Heads 8 — 12-flowered; bracts in 1 row, erect; 

 receptacle flat, naked ; pappus absent. 



38. Picris. — Bracts in two rows, the outer smaller and narrow, 

 the inner equal ; receptacle flat, naked ; fruit slightly beaked ; 

 pappus in 2 rows of feathery hairs. 



39. HELMfNTiA. — With 3 — 5 leafy bracts below the flower-heads ; 

 the outer bracts of involucre subulate ; fruit with a slender beak 

 longer than itself ; pappus in several rows of feathery hairs. 



40. Crepis. — Bracts in 2 rows, outer shorter ; receptacle flat, 

 pitted ; fruit tapering or beaked ; pappus of many rows of simple 

 hairs. 



41. Hieracium. — Bracts many, imbricate, oblong; receptacle 

 nearly flat, pitted ; fruit not beaked ; pappus of 1 row of stiff, 

 brittle, unequal, brownish hairs. 



42. HYPOCHiERis. — Bracts many, imbricate, oblong ; receptacle 

 flat, scaly ; fruit rough, often beaked ; pappus feathery, often with 

 an outer row of short bristles. 



43. Thrincia. — Bracts in one row, with a few additional; 

 receptacle flat, naked ; ftgits shortly beaked, the outer row envel- 

 oped in the bracts, scarcely beaked and with a short crown-like 

 pappus; pappus of the other fruits in two rows, the outer 

 bristly, deciduous, the inner feathery. 



44. Leontodon. — Brads in 2 — 3 rows, the outer smaller; 

 receptacle flat, naked ; fruit shortly beaked ; pappus of 1 or 2 rows 

 of hairs, the inner feathery. 



45. Taraxacum. — Bracts in 2 rows, inner erect, outer often 

 recurved ; receptacle flat, naked, pitted ; fruit rough, with a long 

 slender beak ; pappus of white, silky, simple hairs. 



46. Lactuca. — Bracts imbricate, outer shorter ; receptacle flat, 

 naked ; fruit flattened, generally with a long slender beak ; pappus 

 of many simple hairs. 



47. Mulgedium. — Bracts much as in Lactuca ; flowers blue ; 

 fruit 4-angled, not beaked but narrowed above and ending in a 

 ciliate disk ; outer hairs of pappus rigid, turning brown, brittle. 



