INDEX 



149 



Atlantic, 131 ; destruction of, 

 136, 140; in deep water, 131; 

 storage of, 124 ; in polar seas, 

 130 ; in tropical seas, 131 ; 

 seasonal variation of, 131 



Nitrogen hunger, 139 



Nutrition, holozoic and holophy- 

 tic, 99, 101 ; heterotrophic, 

 101 ; metatrophic, 123 ; proto- 

 trophic, 125 ; saprophytic, 105 



Ocean circulation, 134 



Ocean currents, vertical, 135 



Oceanic fishes, 21 



Oozes, deep-sea, 8 ; abyssal, 8 ; 



diatom, 9 ; Globigerina, 9 ; 



pteropod, 9; radiolarian, 9; 



Red clay, 11 



Ooze-eating animals, 134 

 Optimal conditions, 77 



Parasites, 102 ; life-history of, 

 103 ; nutrition of, 104 



Peridinians, 25 ; feeding of, 111 



Pelagic fishes, 88 



Periodicity of habit, 51 



Phosphates in sea, 132 



Phosphorescence, 17 



Photosynthesis, 97, 99, 133 



Phototaxis, 83 



Physical conditions and life, 58 



Plant-animals, 120 



Plant nutrition, 96 



Plaice, spawning of, 42 



Plankton, 22 ; plankton-feeders, 

 88; as food, 101, 108; and 

 physical conditions, 49 ; larvae 

 of, 23 ; succession of, 46, 49 ; 

 transitory, 45, 



Predatory animals, 87 



Prehensile organs, 88 



Pressure and marine life, 13, 20 



Production in sea, 45 



Producers, 121 



Proteids, 93; constitution of, 



119 ; digestion of, 95 

 Protozoa, 26 ; nutrition of, 102 

 Proximate food- stuffs, 96, 98 

 Putrefaction, 122 



Radioactivity in sea, 59 

 Radiolaria, 10, 25 

 Reproduction and temperature, 78 

 Respiration of fishes, 70 

 Respiratory organs, 113 

 Respirable material, 118 



Salinity of sea, 32, 59 ; per- 

 ception of, 74 ; and migrations, 

 75 ; and tides, 33 ; range of, 

 60 ; variations of, 36 



Sand, organisms of, 4 



Sargasso Sea, 62 



Sea-bottom, illumination of, 12 ; 

 pressure at, 13 ; temperature 

 at, 12 ; uniformity of, 7 



Sea-bottom deposits, 8 ; cal- 

 careous, 9 ; meteoritic, 11 ; 

 shelly, 5 ; siliceous, 11 ; vol- 

 canic, 8 ; sharks' teeth in, 11 ; 

 whale earbones in, 11 



Sessile organisms, 63 ; distribu- 

 tion of, 65 



Shellfish, food of, 89, 107 



Shore invertebrates, 2 



Silica in sea, 132 



Skate, spawning of, 42 



Spawning and temperature, 43 



Spawning migrations, 67 



Sponges, feeding of, 9, 110 



Starch, synthesis of, 97 



Starfishes, feeding of, 90 



Sunlight and diatoms, 75 ; and 

 plant metabolism, 97 



