CUTANEOUS GLANDS. 



275 



The larger glands, with strongly smelling secretions, which open on 

 various parts of the integument of many mammals, are to be regarded 

 as modified sebaceous or more rarely sweat glands. As examples of 

 such glands may be mentioned the occipital glands of the Camel, 

 the glands which are placed in a depression of the lachrymal bone of 

 Cervus, Antilope, Ovis, the temporal glands of the Elephant, the 

 facial glands of the Bat, the pedal glands of Kuminants, the lateral 

 glands of the Shrewmouse, the sacral gland of Dicotyles, the caudal 

 glands of the Desman, the crural glands of the male Monotremes, 

 etc. These excretory organs are most frequently found near the 

 anus, or in the inguinal region, and are then often placed in special 



FIG. 667. Skull of a goat, from the side. Ol, exoccipital; C. condyle; Pm, paramastoid 

 process ; Og, supra-occipital ; Sq, squamosal ; Ty, tympanic ; fe, petrous (mastoid 

 portion) ; Pa, parietal : Fr, frontal ; La, lachrymal ; Na, nasal ; Fo] optic foramen ; MX, 

 maxillary ; Jmx, prsemaxillary ; Ju, jugal ; Pal, palatine ; Ft, pterygoid. 



cutaneous pits e.g., the anal glands of many Oarnivora, Rodentia, 

 and Edentata, the civet gland of the Viverridce, the musk pouch of 

 Moschus moschiferus, and the preputial glands of the male Beaver. 



The skeleton is formed of heavy bones containing marrow. The 

 skull (fig. 667) is a spacious capsule, the bony pieces of which are 

 only exceptionally (Ornithorhynchus) fused in early life, but as a 

 rule they remain for the most part separated by suture throughout 

 life. There are, however, many cases in which in the adult animals 

 the sutures have partly or wholly vanished (Ape, Weasel). The 

 great extension of the cranial capsule is due not only to the large 

 size of the roof of the skull, but also to the fact that the lateral bones 



