334 



MAMMALIA. 



FIG. 704. Skull of Pithecia Satanag. 



with great ease and safety, are often assisted by the long tail, 

 -which may even act as an accessory prehensile organ. 



Most Apes are gregarious, and live in forests in hot countries. In 



Europe, the precipices of Gibraltar 

 are the single resort of a species 

 of Ape, the Bafbary Ape (Tnuus 

 ecaud atus),wliich is probably Arrican 

 in origin, and has elsewhere com- 

 pletely vanished from Europe. Only 

 a few Apes lead a solitary lif e ; 

 most of them live together in large 

 companies, which are led by the 

 largest and strongest male. They 

 feed, chiefly on fruits and beeds, 

 but also on insects, eggs and birds. 

 The females produce only one young 

 (more rarely two) at a birth ; they protect and tend their offspring 

 with great love. Intellectually the Primates take with the dogs 

 and elephants the highest place amongst Mammalia. 



Suborder 1. Arctopitheci. Marmosets. South American Apes of 

 small size, with long hairy tail, and claw-like nails. The great toe is 

 opposable, and has a 

 flat nail. The thumb 

 is not opposable. In 

 the number of teeth 

 (thirty- two) they resem- 

 ble the apes of the Old 

 World, from which, 

 however, they differ in 

 the fact that the prse- 

 molars (three) are more 

 numerous than the mo- 

 lars (two). They produce 

 two or even three young 



at a birth, and feed On FIG. 705. Skull of Satyrus orany. 



eggs, insects, and fruit. 



Fam. Hapalidae. Dental formula - - -= ^ . Without prehensile tall' 

 Hapale Jacclius Geoffr., the Salmi or Ouistiti ; Midas Rosalia L. 



Suborder 2. Platyrrhini. Apes of the New World, with broad 



nasal septum, and with thirty-six teeth (- - ) (Fig. 704 



\2 1 6 o/ 



