PRIMATES. 



335 



The tail is sometimes used as a prehensile organ. The fingers and toes 

 have arched or flat nails. The thumb is sometimes reduced, and is 

 never opposable to the same extent as the great toe. Cheek pouches 

 and ischial callosities always absent. 



Fam. Pithecidae. Apes with long hairy tail, which cannot be used for prehen- 

 sion; PitheciaSatanasHoSms., Brazil; NyctijritJiecustrivirgatusv.'Rvirnb.i'Sevf 

 Granada ; Chrysothrix sciurea L., Saimir, Squirrel Monkey, Guiana ; Callithrix 

 per sonata GeofEr., east coast of Brazil. 



FIG. 706. Gorilla engena, from Vogt and Specht. 



Fam. Cebidse. Apes with prehensile tail covered with hair or naked at the 

 end. Celus capucinus L., Sai, Capuchin ; Ateles paniscus L., Koaita, Spider- 

 monkey, Brazil ; A. Bclzeluth Geoffr., Guiana ; Lagothrix Humboldtii Geoff., 

 Peru. Mycetes 111., Howling Monkeys. M. niger Geoffr., Brazil ; M. seniculus L. 



Suborder 3. Catarrhini. Apes of the Old World, with narrow 

 nasal septum, and approximated, downwardly directed nostrils with 



/2 1 2 3\ 

 thirty-two teeth \g j- 5- ^ ) . (Fig. 705). The tail is never pre- 



