460 



RECREATION 



When it is necessary to clean the 

 spring, a part of the cover should be 

 removed or the door opened and the 

 water thoroughly stirred with a broom, 

 then the plug at Z should be removed 

 and the water drawn off. 



A plumber would probably place a 



fig. 2 



valve in the spring instead of using a 

 wooden plug, but the water is liable 

 to corrode the valve — and if the valve 

 was placed at the outer end of the pipe 

 there would be quite a large metallic 

 surface exposed to the water which 

 should be avoided. 



It is quite convenient in some cases 

 to run the overflow (D) out above the 

 surface, so that a pail can be filled with- 

 out dipping it into 'the spring. When 

 possible the water of the spring should 

 be analyzed to ascertain the proper ma- 

 terial to use before any pipes are laid. 

 In some instances, the water holds in 

 solution elements that corrode and des- 

 troy certain kinds of pipe, and render 

 the water unfit to drink or even poison- 

 ous. Therefore, place the least possible 

 amount of metal in the spring. 



When any danger is suspected, it is 

 a wise plan to have all the drinking 

 water put in glass bottles at the spring. 

 Especially is this true where a zinc- 

 covered or galvanized pipe is used. 



To prevent the sun from shining di- 

 rectly on the spring, vines may be 

 planted and trained to run over an arbor 

 built over the spring, and grass can be 

 grown to the very brink, making it 

 an attractive spot. 



A plumber who is accustomed to pip- 

 ing and connecting city houses to the 

 street mains, and who has had no pre- 

 vious experience in this line, is likely to 

 be perplexed when he undertakes to 

 pipe water from a spring to a house. 

 The city water system has been care- 



fully considered in its hygienic and en- 

 ginering details, but there are many 

 uncertainties in a spring, especially a 

 new one. 



If the water is to be piped into a 

 house or camp for general use, it is best 

 to have a careful analysis made of the 

 water to determine if it contains ele- 

 ments that will destroy heating boilers 

 and piping. A log pipe line can be run 

 from the spring to the camp, but when 

 it comes to piping a house and placing 

 boilers and heaters, it is a plumber's 

 job. 



When a spring is situated high 

 enough to have the water come to the 



A 



VL 



A 





^_ 



r - — 







a — &x* 



A 



Pr 

 N 1 



B 



3— ^r- 





■ 



—• C [i!a.„ 







S 



FIG. 3 



house by gravity, lay a pipe below the 

 frost line, and let the water run into a 

 tub in the back yard or summer kitchen. 



In a case where the pipe constantly 

 falls from the water line until it bends 

 to go up to the tub, (A, in Figure 3), 

 the water will flow freely ; but when the 

 water grows low in the spring, and the 

 piece of pipe (Figure 3) is run down 

 from the line to the water, if the out- 

 let is only slightly below the new water 

 level, an air pocket will form at P, and 

 the water will be retarded or will not 

 flow until the air is driven out of the 

 pipes. 



A plumber might put on this piece of 

 pipe running down from the line into 

 the water and carefully remove all the 

 air — forming a perfect siphon ; but a 

 leak in the pipe or low water will 

 spoil. this siphon and the plumber must 

 be called again. 



In Figure 4, (A) is a case where the 

 pipe line (S) runs over a knoll and 

 puts a high place in the line at X. Air 

 will accumulate at this point, retard 



