FORESTRY. 



309 



from England to stock parks. The deer 

 imported propagated beyond the calcula- 

 tions of the inhabitants, escaped to the 

 woods, and, since there are no animals to 

 prey upon them, have increased to many 

 thousands. The American forester who un- 

 dertakes the care of the timber of Molokai 

 will have a problem entirely novel to his 

 experience — the protection of forests from 

 wild animals. 



E. M. Griffith, of the Bureau of Forestry, 

 U. S. Department of Agriculture, who vis- 

 ited the Hawaiian islands on his way to 

 the Philippines last winter, returned a re- 

 port to Governor Dole in which he said 

 the mountain forests of Hawaii must be 

 fenced, on the lower slopes, to protect them 

 from the tame cattle, on the upper slopes to 

 keep out the wild ones. He also recom- 

 mended the establishment of a forest force, 

 consisting of a forest inspector, who should 

 have charge of all Government forest lands 

 and direct the work of the forest rangers ; 

 and 4 forest rangers, one for the island of 

 Oahu, one for Hawaii, one for Kauai, and 

 one for Maui and Molokai. — Science. 



THE PEOPLE AND FOREST RESERVES. 



Since the creation of the first forest re-, 

 serves in this country, there has been a 

 strong antagonism against the policy 

 by misguided people, generally those whose 

 personal interests are in some manner 

 affected ; but it is frequently encountered 

 in those who should be the staunchest advo- 

 cates of the policy; that is to say, the farm- 

 ers and ranchmen in the Western States 

 and territories. These people have had un- 

 restricted use of the public domain and 

 the native forests for so long a time that 

 they have come to look on them as their 

 own, and to regard any interference on the 

 part of the federal government, by the es- 

 tablishment and administration of forest re~ 

 serves, as a usurpation of their rights. 



The successful administration of a for- 

 est reserve depends largely on the as- 

 sistance and cooperation of the people liv- 

 ing within and adjacent to it, and to secure 

 this much desired condition is in many cases 

 a problem not easily solved. 



The first step in this direction is to edu- 

 cate the people in the vital importance of 

 forest preservation by judicious distribution 

 of the publications of the department. 



The homestead act should be amended 

 by making it a requirement that the home- 

 steader should plant at least 2 acres of 

 trees for each 40 acre tract covered by his 

 entry, and that he have at least 100 trees, 

 planted by him, in thriving condition on 

 each acre at the time final proof is made. 

 This could be done without adding any 

 hardship and would be the means of mate- 

 rially enhancing the value of the land. 



In order to encourage the propagation 



of forest trees within forest reservations 

 and at the same time acquire the coopera- 

 tion of settlers and land owners within for- 

 est reserves, the free use of timber should 

 only be extended to those who will agree 

 to plant a certain area of their land to trees, 

 the government to furnish the seedling 

 trees. For the purpose of supplying the 

 seedlings, the department should establish 

 a nursery on each reserve, where possi- 

 ble. The advantages to all parties con- 

 cerned would soon be apparent. — Forest 



and Irrigation. 



SEEDLINGS. 



At the 21st annual meeting of the Ameri- 

 can Forestry Association, held at Washing- 

 ton during the holidays, a resolution was 

 passed in the interest of the proposed bill 

 to establish the "National Appalachian For- 

 est Reserve." The bill provides for the pur- 

 chase of 4,000,000 acres of land at a cost 

 not to exceed $10,000,000. 



A resolution was also passed favoring the 

 management of the forest reserves by the 

 Bureau of Forestry, thus doing away with 

 the division of the Government forestry 

 work between two separate departments. 



The report of the Board of Directors 

 showed that during the year 1902 new re- 

 serves and additions to those already de- 

 clared amounted to 13,764,156 acres. 



A commendable change has been made in 

 the names of some of our reservations. They 

 are mostly now called Forest Reserves. 

 Formerly many were called Timber Land 

 Reserves. There is need of greater uni- 

 formity and care in the use of the terms 

 Park, Forest Preserve, Forest Reserve, Res- 

 ervation, etc. 



The Chippewa Forest Reserve of 200,000 

 acres "has just been established in Northern 

 Minnesota. It consists of virgin pine. 5 

 per cent, of this is to be left for seedage 

 purposes. The rest is to be sold .for the 

 Indians who owned it. 



The 2d number of the Forestry Quar- 

 terly, published at Cornell University, has 

 made its - appearance. It contains articles 

 by Dr, B. E. Fernow, A. Knechtel and Dr. 

 J. F. Clark. The magazine is meeting with 

 considerable favor. 



Over 100,000 plants will be set out by the 

 Department of Agriculture during the com- 

 ing year in an effort to determine what 

 trees are best adapted to different localities. 



"Mamma," queried little Edith on her 

 return from Sunday school, "does God ever 

 make a bluff?" 



"Certainly not, my dear," was the reply. 



"Well," continued the small inquisitor, 

 "He makes hills and mountains, doesn't 

 He?"— World's Guide. 



