63 



NEW MEXICO, INCLUDING CALIFORNIA 



I A curious work of over a thousand pages, bearing the comprehensive title of 

 "A New Geographical, Historical and Commercial Grammar; and Present State of the 

 Several Kingdoms of the World,'' by WilJiam Guthrie, London, 1808, has come into 

 the writer's possession. The account of California, it is thought, will be found a 

 pleasing preface to our present knowledge of the " Golden State," and is reproduced 

 in the following:] 



Situation and Extent. — Length 2000 miles, between the 

 94th and 126th degrees west longitude; breadth 1400 miles, 

 between the 33d and 43d degrees north latitude; 600,000 square 

 miles. 



Boundaries. — Bounded by unknown lands on the north; by 

 Louisiana on the east; by Old Mexico and the Pacific Ocean on 

 the south; and by the same ocean on the west. 



DIVISIONS SUBDIVISIONS CHIEF TOWNS 



Northeast division New Mexico proper \ a c , ' J 



r r I 104, n. lat 36. 



Southeast division Apacheira St. Antonio 



South division Sonora Tuape 



Western division California, a peninsula St. Juan 



Climate, Soil. — These countries, lying for the most part 

 within the temperate zone, have a climate in many places 

 extremely agreeable, and a soil productive of everything either 

 for profit or delight. In California, however, the heat is great 

 in summer, particularly towards the sea coast; but in the inland 

 country the climate is more temperate, and even cold. 



Face of the Country, Produce. — The natural history of 

 these countries is as yet in its infancy. The Spaniards them- 

 selves know little of them, and the little they know they are 

 unwilling to communicate. It is certain, however, that in gen- 

 eral the provinces of New Mexico and California are extremely 

 beautiful and pleasant; the face of the country is agreeably varied 

 with plains, intersected by rivers, and adorned with gentle 



