402 



INDEX 



Merrifield, temperature- experiments with 

 PoJijomniatus 2Mieas, ii. 273 ; cold experi- 

 inents with Vanessa, ii. 274. 



Meyer, Hermann, architecture of the 

 bone spongiosa, 246. 



Mimicry, 91 ; in beetles, bees, ants, &c., 

 116 ; in butterflies does not affect cater- 

 pillar or pupa, 104 ; in both sexes, 96 ; 

 in vertebrates, 117 ; degree of resem- 

 blance to model, 104 ; Elijmnias undularis, 

 106 ; Papilla merope, 108 ; P. turnus, no ; 

 same effect produced in different ways, 

 105 ; several imitators of one immune 

 species, loi ; species of genera which 

 needprotection imitate different immune 

 models, 102 ; 'rings' of mimetic species, 

 112; i-arity of mimetic species, 108; 

 wide divergence of mimetic species 

 from their congeners, 115. 



Mitosis, 288. 



Mobius, 296. 



Monism, 393. 



Monogony, 266. 



Montgomery, on reduction of the chromo- 

 somes, ii. 43. 



Morgan, experiments on regeneration, 

 ii. 15. 



Morphological characters, dependent on 

 germinal selection, ii. 132 ; discussion 

 as to indifferent characters, ii. 132, 



309- 



Mortality of multicellular organisms, 260 ; 

 causes of this, 263. 



Morton, Thomas, on degeneration in the 

 children of alcoholics, ii. 69. 



Moths, protective coloration in, 80. 



Miiller, Fritz, scent-scales, 217 ; on mimi- 

 cry, III ; plants and ants, 171 ; relation 

 between ontogeny and phylogenj^ ii. 

 160. 



Miiller, Johannes, the vision uf insects, 



£l6. 



Musical sense in man, ii. 148. 

 Mutation theory of de Vrics, ii. 317. 

 Mutilations, suj^posed inheritance of, ii. 



65. 



Mutual sterility, of no great importance 



in connexion with lasting variation, 

 349- 



Niigeli, Carl von, on the definite directions 

 of variations, ii. 306, 385 ; objection 

 to origin of flowers through selection, 

 198 ; on the difference in size between 

 egg and sperm, 337 ; his Hieracium 

 experiments, ii. 272 ; Niigeli's view and 

 Darwin's reconciled through germinal 

 selection, ii. 334 ; number of smallest 

 vital units in a • moneron,' ii. 368. 



Natlmsius, inbreeding experiments, ii. 

 231. 



Natural Selection, not directly observable, 

 58 ; under the influence of isolation, ii. 

 292. 



Neo-Lamarckism, 243. 



Neotaxis, ii. 40. 



Nerve-tracks in relation to instincts, ii. 



71- 

 Normal number of a sj^ecies, 45. 

 Notodonta, protective coloration in, 80. 

 Nuclear division, process of, 289 ; integral 



and differential, 374, 377. 

 Nussbaum, M., regeneration-experiments 



in Protozoa, 340 ; on the continuity of 



the germ-cells, 411 ; infection of the 



ovum in Hydra, ii. 68. 

 Nutrition, influence of, on variation, ii. 



267 ; relation between nutrition and 



the number in a sj)ecies, 45. 



Oken's ' Naturphilosophie,' 21. 



Omnipotence of selection, ii. 348. 



Ontogenesis, relation to jihylogenesis, ii. 

 159 ; shunting back of the phyletic 

 stages in embryogenesis, ii. 176 ; con- 

 densation of phvlogenv in ontogenv, 

 ii. 186. 



Orchids, fertilization of, ii. 256. 



Organs, rudimentary, ii. 226. 



Origin of flowers, see Flowers. 



Osborn, supposed paheontological proofs 

 for the Lamarckian principle, ii. 77. 



Ovaries. 282. 



Ovogenic determinants, 388. 



Ovum, maturation of, 295. 



Packard, disappeai'ance of u.seless parts, 

 129. 



Palingenesis, ii. 173. 



Pa)idorina, reproduction of, 257, 293. 



Pangenesis, ii. 62. 



Panmixia, ii. 114. 



Papilio merioms, 108. 427 ; P. (urmis. no. 



Parasites, power of adajitatiou in. ii. 384. 



Parthenogenesis, discovery of, 303 ; ex- 

 ceptional and artificial, 307: facultative 

 in bees, ii. 235; receptac-ulum seminis 

 in Cypris-species without males, 326, 

 ii. 234; adv'antages of, ii. 243; its effects 

 compared with those of inbreeding, 

 ii. 233 ; alternation of, with bisexual 

 generations (heterogony), ii. 243. 



Personal selection, indirect effects of, ii. 

 200. 



Petrunkewitsch, A., maturing divisions 

 in the ovum of the bee, 306, 336. 



Pfeffer, role of malic acid in the fertiliza- 

 tion of ferns, 273. 



Pfliiger and Born, experiments in hybri- 

 dization, ii. 232. 



Phasmids, regeneration in, ii. 17. 



Phylloxera, reproduction in, ii. 249. 



Phylogenetic variation of butterfly and 

 cateri^illar independent of each other, 

 362. 



Phylogeny, condensation of, in ontogeny, 

 ii. 186. 



Physiologus, 11. 



Pictet, turban eyes iu male Ephemerids, 

 229. 



Pigeons, breeds of, 34. 



Plants, fertilization of the higher, ii. 250 ; 



