No. 14.] FLOWERING PLANTS AND FERNS. I9I 



Dry rocky woods. Rare or local over most of its range : 

 North Stonington and East Haddam (Graves), Guilford (G. 

 H. Bartlett), Bolton (Weatherby), New Haven (D. C. Eaton, 

 et al.), Oxford (Harger), Salisbury (Mrs. C. S. Phelps). 

 Occasional about the trap hills of central Connecticut. May. 



CALTHA L. Marsh Marigold. 

 Caltha palustris L. (of marshes). 



Marsh Marigold. Cowslips. Meadow Gowan. May-blobs. 

 Water-blobs. 



Common or local. Swamps, wet places and along brooks. 

 Mid- April — May. 



The young plants are much used as a pot-herb. It is hand- 

 some in cultivation, flourishing in rich moist soil. 



TROLLIUS L. Globeflower. 

 Trollius laxus Salisb. (loose). 



American, Spreading, Wild or Swamp Globeflower. 



Rare. Swampy woods and meadows: Cornwall (E. E. 

 Brewster, 1879, and at the same locality, Bissell, 1903). April 

 — May. 



COPTIS Salisb. Goldthread. 

 Coptis trifolia (L.) Salisb. (three-leaved). 



Goldthread. Canker-root. Yellow-root. Mouth-root. 



Swamps and wet woods, especially in sphagnum. Not re- 

 ported near the coast west of New Haven ; rare near the coast 

 eastward, mostly in sphagnous cedar swamps or cold, swampy 

 woods ; occasional northward, becoming frequent in the 

 northern part of the state. May — mid-June. 



The roots have been much used as a bitter tonic and in 

 the form of an infusion as an astringent wash. 



NIGELLA L. Fennel Flower. 

 Nigella sativa L. (sown). 

 Nutmeg Flower. 



Rare. Bridgeport, in waste ground (Fames). July. Fugi- 

 tive from Europe. 



Sometimes cultivated for its seeds which, under the name 

 of Black Cumin, are used for seasoning. 



