No. 14.] FLOWERING PLANTS AND FERNS 203 



Rare or local. Waste places: Waterbury (A. E. Ulewitt), 

 Bridgeport, in several places and plentiful in one field (I. F. 

 Moore, Eames). June — mid-Aug. Adventive from Europe. 



The seeds are well known as a condiment and rubefacient, 

 and are sometimes used to preserve cider in a sweet condition. 

 Has been cultivated for at least 2000 years. 



Brassica arvensis (L.) Kuntze (of cultivated ground). 

 Brassica Sinapistrum Boiss. 

 Charlock. Chadlock. Cadlock. Kedlock. Kerlock. Wild, 



Corn or Bastard Mustard. Field or Corn Kale. 



Occasional or frequent. Waste or cultivated ground. June 

 — July. Naturalized from Europe. 



Sometimes a bad weed. 



Brassica juncea (L.) Cosson (like Juncus, the Rush). 

 Indian or Chinese Mustard. 



Cultivated fields and waste places. Frequent in the vicinity 

 of the coast ; occasional, local or rare elsewhere. June — Oct. 

 Naturalized from Asia. 



The seeds are used like those of White and Black Mus- 

 tard, and the young leaves for greens. A bad weed in grain 

 fields where it occurs. 



Brassica japonica Siebold. 



Curled or Pot-herb Mustard. California Peppergrass. 



Rare. Escaped from cultivation in garden soil at 

 Southington (Andrews). June — Sept. Fugitive from 

 Asia. 



The soft, thin leaves make excellent " greens." 



Brassica nigra (L.) Koch (black). 



Black Mustard. Cadlock. Kedlock. Kerlock. 



Occasional or frequent. Waste ground and roadsides. 

 June — Sept. Naturalized from Europe. 



The young plants are sometimes used as a pot-herb. The 

 seeds are well known as a condiment and rubefacient and are 

 officinal. 



Brassica campestris L. (of fields). 

 Rutabaga. 



Occasional. Cultivated ground and waste places. Mid- 

 May — July. Adventive from Europe. 



