270 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 



gathered for use in Christmas decorations. The leaves and 

 bark are medicinal. 



Ilex verticillata (L.) Gray (whorled). 



Black Alder. Winterberry. 



Common. Moist woods and swamps, or sometimes in drier 



places. June — July. 



The berries turn brilliant red in autumn and continue on 



the bushes far into the winter. The bark and berries are used 



medicinally. 

 Ilex verticillata (L.) Gray, var. tenuifolia (Torr.) Wats, (thin- 

 leaved). 



Ilex bronxensis Britton. 



Winterberry. 



Low grounds, growing with the species. Frequent in 



southwestern Connecticut (Eames) ; occasional about New 



London (Graves). Rare elsewhere : Southington (Andrews), 



Litchfield (Bissell). June — July. 

 Ilex verticillata (L.) Gray, var. padifolia (Willd.) Torr. & 

 Gray (having leaves like Padus, the Cherry). 



Winterberry. 



Occasional. Low woods and swamps, growing with the 



species. June — July. 



Ilex laevigata (Pursh) Gray (smoothed). 

 Smooth Winterberry. 



Swamps and wet woods. Rare in the northern and western 

 parts of the state: South Windsor and Litchfield (Bissell), 

 Monroe and Middlebury (Harger), Salisbury (Mrs. C. S. 

 Phelps). Occasional in southeastern Connecticut, chiefly in 

 White Cedar swamps (Graves). June; fruit Sept. 



Ilex glabra (L.) Gray (smooth). 

 Inkberry. 



Local. In and about swamps: Voluntown (Harger), 

 Groton, New London and Waterford (Graves), Guilford 

 (W. R. Dudley). June. 



NEMOPANTHUS Raf. Mountain Holly. 



Nemopanthus mucronata (L.) Trel. (having a short abrupt 

 point). 



