Java Farm 
7b. 
Ivy Neck 
4A, 
. White Oak, Black and Spanish 
Oaks, Sweetgum. 
Mature hardwoods, on south- 
west-facing slope. Canopy of 
Quercus alba, Q. velutina, a 
few very big Q. falcata, Liquid- 
ambar styraciflua, and Nyssa 
suiuat ica. Understory of Cornus 
florida, Carya tomentosa, and 
Liquidambar. Ground cover of 
Rhus radicans and Lonicera 
japonica. 
Chestnut Oak, White and Black 
Oaks, Hickories. 
Mature hardwoods of coastal 
zone. Canopy of Quercus alba, 
Q. prinus, Q. velutina, and 
Carya tomentosa, with fewer Q. 
falcata and C. glabra. Mature 
Pinus virginiana usually few. 
Understory typically of Ilex 
opaca, Cornus florida, Acer 
rubrum, and a few Pinus virgin- 
iana (many young pines at Fox 
Point); also scattered Amelanch- 
ier arborea and Viburnum aceri- 
foliun. 
Ericaceous shrub layer char- 
acteristic: Kalmia latifolia, 
Gaylussacia baccata, G. frondo- 
sa, Vaccinium spp. Ground 
flora includes mosses, Hieracium 
venosum, & Deschampsia flexuosa. 
Smilax rotundifolia usually 
sparse; Rhus radicans and Lon- 
icera japonica conspicuously 
absent. 
11C. 
4A. 
4B. 
Castanea dentata sprouts. 
AC. 
No counterpart. Resembles Type 
11C on Scaffold Peninsula (described 
below), but the latter has a level, 
poorly drained habitat. 
White and Spanish Oaks, Sweetgum, 
Tuliptree. 
Moderately mature; canopy of 
Quercus alba, Q. falcata, Liquid- 
ambar styraciflua, Liriodendron 
tulipifera, Nyssa sylvatica, and a 
few mature Pinus virginiana. 
Understory chiefly Ilex opaca; 
fewer Juniperus virginiana, Acer 
rubrum, Viburnum prunifolium, and 
Carya cordiformis. Ground cover 
of dense Lonicera japonica and 
Rhus radicans. 
Very similar in composition to 
that at Java Farm, and occupies the 
same habitat: a narrow zone where 
the bank drops steeply to the Bay 
(probably a zone of improved drain- 
age caused by a drop in the soil 
water table); the finer texture of 
soil at Ivy Neck seems to make little 
difference with this type. 
Chestnut Oak, White Oak, Hickories, 
Red Maple, Beech. 
Differs from Type 4A in having 
Fagus grandifolia and Acer rubrum 
in the canopy, and a more hetero- 
geneous understory which seems tran- 
sitional to inland Types 11B and 11C. 
Understory includes Cercis canaden- 
sis, Sassafras albidum, Viburnum 
prunifolium, & & Carya arya cordiformis. 
Rubus spp. and Campsis radicans also. 
Chestnut Oak, Black and Scarlet Oaks, 
Walnut. 
Canopy and understory are more 
varied than in either 4A or 4B; has 
less Quercus prinus and almost no 
ericaceous shrubs. New canopy species 
include Q. coccinea, Juglans nigra, 
Liquidambar - styraciflua, Liriodendron 
tulipifera, Asimina triloba, etc. 
