9d. 
FORMERLY CULTIVATED FIELD TYPES 
22A. Reed Canary Grass. 
22B. 
23). 
Former pasture in valley 
north of headquarters area, 
marshy at the west end, drains 
into Muddy Creek. Very dense 
Phalaris arundinacea throughout; 
Juncus effusus, Scirpus rubri- 
cosus, Polygonum pensylvanicum 
and P. sagittatum at marshy 
end; few clumps of young Acer 
rubrum, Liquidambar styraciflua, 
and Rosa spp. Invasion from 
outside slow. 
Kentucky Bluegrass. 
Small areas of dense Poa 
pratensis turf in former cul- 
tivated fields, being overrun 
by Rhus radicans. Associated 
forbs: Gnaphalium obtusifoliun, 
Erigeron canadensis, Asclepias 
syriaca, Solanum carolinénse, 
Cirsium discolor. 
Goldenrod, Aster, Brambles, 
Poison Ivy, Honeysuckle, 
scattered young hardwoods. 
Very heterogeneous vegetation 
throughout most former cultivat- 
ed fields. Forbs often more 
abundant than woody vines but 
often less so. Principal forbs: 
Solidago altissima, S. gramini- 
folia, Aster pilosus, A. dumosus, 
Eupatorium serotinum, Rubus 
occidentalis, Lespedeza cuneata, 
Rosa micrantha, R. multiflora, 
Allium vineale. Early spring 
forbs: Barbarea spp., Draba 
verna, Lepidium spp., etc. 
Principal vines: Rhus radicans, 
Lonicera japonica, Campsis rad- 
icans, Vitis vulpina. Many less 
frequent species. Trees scatter- 
ed or locally denses see Type 24A. 
23 
FORMERLY CULTIVATED FIELD TYPES 
No counterpart. (When the 
field described above was aban- 
doned, its north end adjacent 
Cheston Creek drainage had marshy 
species like that of western part 
of Type 22A.) 
No counterpart. 
- Goldenrod, Aster, Brambles, 
Poison Ivy, Honeysuckle, 
scattered young hardwoods. 
Similar to that at Java Farm 
but with fewer vines, more grass 
and forbs. Merges with Types 
25A, 25B. Grasses include 
Setaria lutescens, Andropogon 
virginicus. 
