89. 
1. Lobes of leaves (or tip in Q. phellos) 
bristle-tipped. 
6. Leaves unlobed, entire. (Also, leaves glabrous 
beneath, acorn globose, 10-15 mm. long; acorn 
cup very shallow, with appressed scales, nearly 
SESSILE) .cccrecececececccecccecrscsccvevescceseseses Q. phellos 
6. Leaves lobed, the lobes usually cleft. 
7. Leaves broadly obovate, shallowly 3-lobed. 
(Also, leaves rounded at base, minutely 
rust-puberulent beneath; acorn cup turbinate, 
with tomentose scales, covering about 
M/Z OL AMUC) iacschele lei siete) evelisis’ c.e'e(s eles! sisicls s[elele civieiereleie sO.) MaLaehanddica 
7. Leaves oblong or elliptic in general outline, 
moderately to deeply 5= to 7-lobed. 
8. Base of leaf blade rounded to petiole, often 
unevenly; basal lobes broadly divergent, 
terminal one long and narrow. (Also, acorn 
cup deeply saucer-shaped, covering 1/3 of nut, 
its scales appressed, rounded).......+++e+e0+- Q. falcata 
8. Base of leaf blade tapering to petiole; 
lobes all ascending-spreading. (Also, 
leaves often pubescent only in axils of 
veins beneath). 
9. Acorn cup turbinate, covering more than 
1/3 of nut; leaf buds tomentose. 
10. Upper scales of acorn cup loosely 
imbricated, forming a fringe, 
PUDESCENE. ce eeseeescreeeeereveceeeeeee Q. Velutina 
10. Upper scales of acorn cup appressed, 
becoming glabrous. (Also, leaf sinuses 
often broadly circular; acorns often 
with pale concentric rings around the 
{esl D)) (olelalereueversvercha cers) eierershoeverelelelelalelcisias eto COCeIned 
9, Acorn cup saucer-shaped, covering about 
1/4 of nut; leaf buds usually glabrous 
(or tomentose above in Q. rubra). 
11. Leaves lobed moderately, bottom of sinus 
rarely more than 2/3 the distance from 
lobe-tip to midrib; acorn cup 1.5-3 cm. 
wide; nut 2-3 cm. long. (Also, bark 
often with pale gray streaks on upper 
trunk; forest habitat). Expected 
(Q. rubra). 
