143. 
R. typhina L. Staghorn Sumac 
Java Farm. Infrequent, usually in scattered clumps; observed 
around main buildings, around burned house on road to springhouse 
(charcoal-covered soil), and along Rhode River shore near pier. 
Ivy Neck. One clump near Cheston Point, and scattered nearby. 
Associate species: Prunus serotina, Robinia pseudoacacia. Infrequent 
in forest of central Scaffold Peninsula. Associate species there: 
Quercus alba, Liquidambar styraciflua, etc. Higman 222, 360. 
R. glabra L. Smooth Sumac 
Ivy Neck. Infrequent along top of bluff overlooking Rhode 
River, on Cheston Peninsula. Hectare 4768. Associate species: 
Maclura pomifera, Liquidambar styraciflua. Higman 1011. 
AQUIFOLIACEAE 
Ilex opaca Ait. American Holly 
Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Infrequent to moderately abundant along 
estuary shores, under canopy of Quercus prinus and Quercus alba. 
Occasional in mature upland forest or even in old fields. Higman 
2885) 522). 
CELASTRACEAE 
1. Plant a shrub, 1-1.5 meters high; leaves opposite; 
capsule 5-valved, reddish-pink; seeds bright 
OTANGCr ee escesveescesrsvscvcsesscesccssesscecccveceees BUONYMUS 
1. Plant a woody vine; leaves alternate; capsule 
3-valved, yellow-orange; seeds red.....c..eeceeceeeeeees Celastrus 
Euonymus americanus L. Strawberry Bush 
Java Farm. Infrequent, triangular area west of old Muddy Creek 
Road. Hectare 2472. Canopy of Fagus grandifolia and Liriodendron 
tulipifera. Higman 409. 
Celastrus 
Celastrus scandens L. : Bittersweet 
Java Farm and Ivy Neck. One station each, both at top of bank 
overlooking Rhode River. Also found on an old field fence at Java 
Farm. Hectares 3407, 3600, 4890. Associate species at all sites: 
dense Rhus radicans. Higman 219, 496. 
