EEPORT ON THE BRACHIOPODA. 63 



Bottom temperature, 1°"3 C. Globigerina ooze, and where it is often found attached to 

 rolled fragments of pumice stone. 



Station 271, September 6, 1875, lat. 0° 33' S., long. 151° 34' W. Depth, 2425 

 fathoms; attached to a specimen of Area. Bottom temperature, 1°'0 C. Sea bottom, 

 globigerina ooze. 



Station 300, December 17, 1875, lat. 33° 31' S., long. 74° 43' W. Depth, 2160 

 fathoms. Bottom temperature, 1°"5 C. Sea bottom, globigerina ooze, along with 

 Waldheimia ivyvillii. 



Professor King, to whom we are indebted for the first description and illustration of 

 this interesting species, informs us that it was first dredged in 1862 by stafi"-commander 

 Eichard Hoskyn, R.N., then in command of the " Porcupine," for purposes in connection 

 with the then proposed telegraphic connection between Ireland and Newfoundland. The 

 specimen was not quite perfect, and came up in the sounding machine, from a depth of 

 1240 fathoms, in lat. 52° 8' W., long. 15° 30', or nearly due west of Dingwall Bay. 



The second specimen was dredged by Dr Gwyn Jefireys, in nearly the same place, at 

 a depth of 1366 fathoms. "Porcupine" Expedition, 1866. It was also dredged by Sir 

 James Anderson, in the North Atlantic, when fishing up the telegraphic cable in 2400 

 fathoms depth ; and by Dr J. Gwyn Jefireys during the cruise of the " Valorous " in 



1875, in Baffin's Bay, at depths of 1450 and 690 fathoms. 



Dr Nicholson observes that abyssal, or deep-sea forms, are usually widely diffused, their 

 range depending chiefly on temperature, and being influenced chiefly by oceanic currents. 



Observations. — I have seen all the upper valves of this small species hitherto collected, 

 but only one specimen of the smaller valve. Dr Gwyn Jeffreys, in his paper On North 

 Atlantic Brachiopoda, published in the Annals and Mag. of Nat. Hist, for September 



1876, says that the "arms are furnished with long and slender setse or stiff" hair-Hke 

 cilia, which project beyond the edges of the shell on every side to an extent equalling its 

 diameter." He meant the margin of mantles, not arms. The brachial appendages are, as 

 stated by Dr S. P. Woodward and myself, curved backwards, returning upon themselves, 

 and ending in small spires directed downwards towards the ventral valve. Professor R. 

 Owen, who in 1833 ^ described with much care the anatomy of the genus Discina, says — 

 " The labial processes, or brachia, are scarcely more adapted to protrude externally than 

 in Terebratula chilensis, the only parts that are free being the short spiral extremities. 

 . . . The brachial filaments, when viewed through the lens, presented an equal cylindri- 

 cal figure, and an entire surface" (p. 155). He also minutely describes and illustrates the 

 two lobes of the mantle, and states that " the branchial vessels may be seen in rich 

 profusion on their inner surface," and in a highly magnified view of a smaU portion of 

 the edge of the mantle he shows the " terminal di\dsions of the branchial vessels, and their 



' On the Anatomy of the Brachiopoda of Cuvier, and more especially on the Genera Terebratula and Orhicula, Trans. 

 Zool. Soc, vol. i. p. 145, pi. xxii. figs. 2-1.3. 



