16 THE VOYAGE OP H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 



Sub-section II. JUNCIFOEMES. 



Family 1. Kophobelemnonid^. 



Kophobeleimion, Absjornsen. 



1. Kophoi>elemnonferrugineum,n. sp. (PI. XL fig. 43). 



Eacliis longer tlian the stalk, cylindrical and pointed at the upper end, of a clear brown 

 colour. Polyps short with broad base, retractile, at the oral side of the tentacles brown, and 

 dark brown in their inner cavities. Zooids large, numerous, of the form of pointed warts 

 or short spines, all obliquely directed upwards. Stalk with an end-bulb, externally of a pale 

 grey or greenish colour, internally brown. Calcareous bodies in every part of the structure, 

 in the form of shorter or longer slender needles, with warts and tubercles at the ends and 

 also in the middle. Those of the stalk shorter, thicker, and more warty and spiny. 



The different species of Kophohelevmon are not easily distinguishable so long as their 

 structure is not thoroughly known ; nevertheless, I think myself justified in separating 

 this form from those hitherto described. Fig. 43 is sufficient to show the external form and 

 the size of the species, and I have only to add that the longest calcareous needles of the 

 rachis and the polyps measure 0-57 to 071 mm. in length and 0-052 in breadth, and 

 the shortest on the stalk 0-09 to O'lO mm. in length and 0-027 to 0-037 in breadth. 



Habitat. — Station 232, south of Yeddo, Japan. One specimen. Lat. 35° 0' N., long. 

 139° 28' E. Depth, 345 fathoms. Bottom temperature, 5° C. Sandy mud. May 12, 1875. 



2. Kophohelemnon, sp. (PI. XI. fig. 44). 



A young Kophobeleinnon, with only one polyp, and a pointed end to the rachis. It 

 resembles, by the occurrence of needles 0-54 mm. long and 0*070 mm. broad in the 

 tentacles, my K. stellifemm, var. durum. 



Zooids not numerous, in two rows on the ventral side of the rachis. 



Habitat. — Station 169, north-east of New Zealand, lat. 37° 34' S., long. 179° 22' E. 

 Depth, 700 fathoms. Bottom temperature, 4°-2 C. Grey ooze. 



3. Kopliobelemnon burgeri, Herkl. (PI. XL fig. 45). 



The Challenger brought home two specimens of this rare species, which I thought 

 right to represent in fig. 45, as their form is in some respects different from that 

 described and figured by Herklots. 



Habitat.— Qtntion 209, Zebu, Philippines, lat. 10° 10' N., long. 123° 55' S. Depth, 

 95 to 100 fathoms. Bottom temperature, 21° F. C. Mud. January 22, 1875. 



Family 2. UMBELLULiDiE. 

 Umbellula, Cuv. 

 1. Umbellula durissima, n. sp. (PI. VIII. figs. 32, 33). 

 Calcareous needles very numerous in every part of the cutis. Principal needles of 



