REPORT ON THE OSTRACODA. 95 



showing two prominent spines nt each exti-emity, the anterior two closely approximated, 

 the posterior two much widei- apart and divergent ; end view subcircular, emarginate 

 above and below. The surface of the shell is marked with numerous subovate or 

 angular fossae Avhich, toward the middle of the valves, are arranged in longitudinal rows, 

 but towards the margins, in more or less distinctly concentric lines. Length, l-38th 

 of an inch {-66 mm.). The male carapace (fig. 1, e-g) differs, it will be seen, from the 

 female in its more attenuated form, and in the depression of the dorsal and ventral 

 surfaces. The species occurred plentifully in a dredging from the Inland Sea, Japan, 

 lat. 34° 20' N., long. 133° 35' E., 15 fathoms (Station 2336). 



The type specimen was found amongst sponge sand, which was said to have come 

 from the Levant, but this may well be doubted. It differs from these Japanese examples 

 in being much more sparingly sculptured, the excavations, in fact, being obsolete except 

 on the hinder portion of the valve : in shape, too, the European (?) specimen is rather 

 more slender. Possibly the two forms might fairly be separated as well-marked varieties, 

 but they seem to me to be certainly referable to one and the same species. It remains 

 to be noted that I have seen other specimens of Cythere hodgii collected in various parts 

 of the Malayan Archipelago, and that some of the young shells exhibit a close approafh 

 to the single valve described in the Zoological Transactions. 



[PI. XXV. fig. 1, a-g. a Shell of female seen from left si<le, b from above, c from 

 below, d from front ; e male seen from left side, f from below, g from front. All 

 magnified 50 diameters.] 



60. Cythere jpapuensis, n. sp. (PI. XXV. fig. 5, a-d). 



Shell oblong, subovate ; seen laterally, higher in front than behind, the height being 

 equal to more than half the length ; anterior extremity broad, obliquely rounded and 

 divided into numerous short teeth, posterior narrowed and having on each valve three 

 or four spines, the lowermost of which is the longest ; these are directed straight 

 backwards as those of the anterior margin are forward : dorsal margin sloping from the 

 fro}it with a gentle curve, ventral nearly straight ; seen from above, the appearance is 

 almost exactly that of Cythere hodgii, but that the spines of the posterior extremity are 

 more numerous and more closely approximated ; the end view is sub triangular, equilateral, 

 with rounded angles and convex side ; the sculpture also is very similar to that of 

 Cythere hodgii, but the cavities have not any concentric or linear arrangement. Length, 

 l-38th of an inch (-66 mm.). 



This species was found only in a dredging from a depth of 37 fathoms in Humboldt 

 Bay, Papua. 



[PL XXV. fig. 5, a-d). — a Shell seen from left side, h from above, c from below, rf 

 from front. Magnified 50 diameters.] 



