150 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 



species, wliile the otlier, also known as an inhabitant of Europe, is from Kerguelen 

 Island, a locality which, of all others, has shown in its entomostracan fauna a close 

 resemblance to that of Europe. 



1. Paradoxostoma ensiforme, G. S. Brady (PL XXXV. fig. 3, a-d). 



Paradoxostoma ensifoi-me, Brady, Monog. Eecent Brit. Ostrac, p. 460, jjl. xxxv. figs. 8-11 ; 

 Paradoxostoma ensiforme, Brady, Crosskey, and Eobertson, Monog. Post-Tertiary Entom., p. 

 215, pi. X. figs. 27, 28. 



Carapace, as seen from the side,-^ pear-shaped, much lower in front than behind ; 

 greatest height somewhat less than half the length, and situated behind the middle ; 

 anterior extremity attenuated and sharply rounded off, posterior more broadly rounded 

 and almost angulated in the middle ; dorsal margin forming a flattened arch, suddenly 

 sloping and slightly sinuated towards the front, ventral margin nearly straight ; seen 

 from above, regularly ovate, widest in the middle, extremities ecpal and acuminate, 

 thrice as long as broad ; end view ovate, broadly rounded above, pointed below. Surface 

 of the shell quite smooth. Length, l-33d of an inch {-77 mm.). 



Found only in mud brought up by the anchor in Vigo Bay from a depth of 11 ftithoms. 



[PI. XXXV. fig. 3, a-d. a Carapace seen from right side, b from above, c from below, 

 d from behind. Magnified 50 diameters.] 



2. Paradoxostoma ahbreviatum, G. 0. Sars (PL XXXV. fig. 1, a-d). 



Paradoxostoma ahbreviatum, G. O. Sars, Oversigt af Norges marine Ostraooder, p. 94. 

 Paradoxostoma ahbreviatum, Brady, Monog. Eecent Brit. Ostrac, p. 458, pi. xxxy. figs. 22-25. 

 Paradoxostoma abhreviatum, Brady, Crosskey, and Eobertson, Monog. Post-Tertiary Entomostr., 

 p. 214, 



Carapace, as seen from the side, broadly pear-shaped, highest near the hinder end, 

 height equal to more than half the length ; extremities rounded, anterior narrow and 

 depressed, posterior very broad ; dorsal margin boldly arched, ventral sinuated in the 

 middle ; seen from above, ovate, pointed in front, rounded ofi' behind, greatest width in 

 the middle and equal to one-third of the length ; end view ovate, broad above, attenuated 

 below ; surface of the shell quite smooth. Length, l-45th of an inch (-53 mm.). 



One or two examples only found in a dredging from Balfour Bay, Kerguelen Island, 

 20 to 50 fathoms. Though agreeing in general features with Paradoxostoma ahbre- 

 viatum, Sars, these specimens differ in having a more highly arched dorsum and a 

 straighter ventral margin. Still, as no very decided characters appear, and as no suffi- 

 cient series of specimens of the Balfour Bay form is at hand for comparison, it seems best 

 to identify them, for the present at least, with the European sj)ecies. 



1 The figures (PI. XXXV. figs. 1 and 3, a, b, c) are by an oversight placed upside down, the anterior extremity heing 

 turned downwards instead of upwards. 



