16 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 



the head, which is one-third of the total (without caudal). A great part of the surface of 

 the head is bony. Spines are developed, (l) above the nostril, (2) above the hinder half 

 of the eye, (3) above the prseoperculum, (4) on the suprascapula, (5) below the hinder 

 half of the orbit, (6) on the humerus, above the base of the pectoral; Of these 

 spines the second, fourth, and fifth are the strongest. Eye large, two-sevenths of the 

 head, and rather shorter than the snout. 



The dorsal fin commences on the neck with a short spine. All its spines are strong, 

 the third being the longest, as high as the body. The soft dorsal is well separated from, 

 and lower than, the spinous. Caudal subtruncated. Pectoral with narrow base, some- 

 what shorter than the head. Ventral inserted midway between the vent and root of the 

 pectoral, extending beyond the vent, and with the spine two-thirds as long as the longest 

 ray. All the soft rays of the fins are simple. Body and vertical fins yellowish, broadly 

 marbled with black. Length of specimen, 3^ inches. Kerguelen Island (in trawl). 



Choenichthys rhinocerattcs, Kich., Kerguelen. 



Notoihenia cyaneohrancha, Richards (Voy. " Erebus " and " Terror," Fish., p. 7, pL 

 iv. ; Gthr., Fish., vol. ii. p. 261). Obtained by dredge. 



Notoihenia mizops, n. sp. (PI. VIII. fig. D). 



D. 4-5/35, A. 34, L. lat. 60. The length of the head is one-fourth of the total (without 

 caudal) ; the height of the body two-ninths. The crown of the head is covered with 

 minute scales to between the eyes, the snout and prseorbital being scaleless. Eye large, 

 one-third of the length of the head in young specimens, and two-sevenths in adults. 

 Interorbital space extremely narrow ; operculum with a short spine behind. Ventral 

 long, extending sometimes as far back as the fourth anal ray. Body with two series of 

 large irregular partly confluent blackish spots ; cheek with two oblique streaks. First 

 dorsal with a black spot. Vertical fins with bands of blackish dots, oblique on the dorsal 

 and anal, and transverse on the caudal. 



This species is distinguished from aU its congeners from Kerguelen Island by having 

 an eye of the same large size as Notoihenia squaniifrons. Length of specimens, 1-g to 

 6 inches. Ofi" Christmas Harbour, and Howes Foreland ; 120 fathoms. 



Notoihenia squamifrons, n. sp. (PI. VIII. fig. C). 



D. 5/35, A. 32, L. lat. 70. The length of the head is two-sevenths of the total 

 (without caudal) ; the height of the body two-ninths. The upper surface of the head to 

 the foremost part of the snout and the prseorbital are entirely covered with scales, but in 

 the smaller specimen the scales on the prseorbital are less distinct than in the adult. Eye 

 large, two-sevenths of the length of the head ; interorbital space flat, scaly, rather naiTOw, 



