40 On Ordeals. [No. 1, 



high as the ear of the accused, on even and pure ground. He should 

 first worship Varuna with perfumes and fragrant garlands, with 

 honey, milk, "clarified butter, etc., being of collected mind. A Bra- 

 hman, Xatriya or Vaicya, who is neither a friend nor a foe (of the 

 accused), should be placed in the water where it reaches up to his navel, 

 (and he must be) a man strong like a post." 



Pitamaha (says) : 



" First the king should place in the water a man, (strong) like a post, 

 and then having ordered the person who undergoes (the ordeal) to go 

 into the water, facing the east, he should then bring near (by invoca- 

 tion) the gods, and address the water." 



The gods, i. e. Dharma and the rest (see above). 



That he should perform the (ceremonies), beginning with the bring- 

 ing near of the gods and ending with the placing of the scroll (on the 

 accused's forehead), this and the like (and) the verses addressed (to 

 the water) must be looked for in the (description) of the manner of 

 proceeding. 



Vyasa (says) : 



" 'By truth protect, Varuna ;' having conjured the water (thus), 

 and taking hold of the thighs of the man who stands up to his navel 

 in the water, he (the accused) should enter the water." 



Xam means water ; abh'icdpya (lit. having conjured) means having 

 addressed. 



Brihaspati (says) : 



" When he has made the (accused) man enter the water he should 

 discharge three arrows." 



Pitamaha (says) : 



" The bow-man should be a Kshatriya or a Brahman, who follows his 

 (a Kshatriya's) occupation, (who is) not hard hearted, of subdued pas- 

 sions, dressed and pure." 



Katyayana (says) : 



When (the arrows) have been discharged, the submerging ought to 

 take place, and at the same time the starting (to fetch the arrows.) 



The meaning of the word samakdliha " at the same time," is that 

 (it is to take place) at the same time as the submersion. 



Narada and Pitamaha (say) : 



" A young, swift man should go according to his utmost power from 



