1866.] Assyo-Pseudo-Sesostris. 87 



doubt. But Bamir-assi has nothing whatever to do with ancient 

 Benares, and as applied to it would he a ludicrous misnomer. It 

 seems, indeed, probable that the Buddhists were the first people to 

 occupy to any extent the southern side of the Burna, and such a 

 notion is remarkably substantiated by the existence of various Bud- 

 dhist remains there, as described in this paper ; but none of them, so 

 far I know, date from earlier than the Gupta period. The Panch- 

 kosi road or sacred boundary of modern Benares, nearly fifty miles in 

 extent, and regarded by many natives as of immense antiquity, is no 

 older than the city which it encompasses, and must also be assigned 

 to a comparatively recent date. Many pleasant and perhaps hallowed 

 associations connected with Benares, as it now stands, will in the 

 jninds of multitudes be in danger of being snapped asunder, when 

 they discover that the Benares of to-day was not the Benares which 

 their forefathers knew. 



Assyro-Pseudo-Sesostris. — By Hyde Clarke, Esq. Member of the Ger- 

 man Oriental Society, of the Society of Nortlieru Antiquaries of 

 Copenhagen, of the Academy of Anatolia, of the Institution of 

 Engineers of Vienna, Local Secretary of the Anthropological Society. 



[Received 13th July, 1865. Read 2nd August, 1865.] 



As the monument near Ninfi (the ancient Nymphceum), and 

 twenty miles from Smyrna, has of late years become a subject of some 

 controversy, I have been very desirous of getting it photographed, 

 and at length this has been effected (Plate XXI.) by the zeal and 

 ability of Mr. Alexander Svoboda, an artist doubtless remembered 

 by many members of the Society for his paintings of Indian scenes, 

 and his having first photographed the caves of Elephanta and the 

 monument of Ctesiphon, as he has latterly those of Ephesus. 



Herodotus, in his second book, as is well known, speaks of the foreign 

 wars and expeditions of Sesostris, and says that he erected various 

 monuments of his victories, of which Herodotus had seen one in Syria, 

 and there were two others in Ionia, one on the road from Sardis to 

 Smyrna, and the other on the road from Ephesus to Phoctea, and that 



