4 Physical Character of the Karens. [No. 1, 



Pra-pa-ku, is the name given by the Red Karens to the Bghais 

 that live near the Pa-kus. 



Manu-manau is a Burmese name given to a mixed sub-tribe of 

 Bghais. 



Pray is the Bed Karen name applied to the Manu-manau and to 

 some other clans related to the Bghais. 



Lay-may is Burman for a sub-tribe of Bghais, called Pray by the 

 Bed Karens. 



Shan-kho is a name given to a Bghai clan in the north-eastern part 

 of Toungoo. 



Bed Karen, or Ka-ya. 



The Bed Karens have no name for themselves, except Ka-ya, or 

 Pra-ka-ya. 



Ka-yeu-nie, " Bed Karen" is the name given them by the Burmese, 

 on account of the red-striped pants they wear. 



Bghai-mu-hta, Bghai-mu-htay, names given them by the Bghais, 

 signifying " Eastern Bghai." 



Yang-laing, " Bed Karens" is their name among the Shan tribes. 



The-pya the name by which the Kay people designate them. 



Ta-lya a small sub- tribe of Bed Karens, are thus denominated by 

 the Bed Karens themselves. 



Yen-ka-la, the Burmese name of the above clan. 



Tha-vie, or Tha-vie-la-kha is a Bed Karen name for a people of 

 their own tribe living ten clays' journey above them, on the Salween, 

 and who were separated from them when driven from Ava, sixteen 

 generations ago. 



In 1861, our Assistant in Karenee reported a singular letter that 

 was sent by them to Karenee ; the object of which was not stated dis- 

 tinctly, but it was understood as a challenge to fight. The following 

 is a translation : — 



" Now, the words of God and his commands have come to us. Let 

 all men give up the customs of their ancestors, and offerings to spirits, 

 and live in peace. As for us in the land of Tha-vie, we will dwell 

 in peace and obey the commands. 



" Nevertheless, at the proper time we will make a feast ; and this 

 feast is not a woman's feast, but a man's feast ; and when the time 

 arrives to dance, we will dance. And the shades of the dead, and the 



