02 Mr. Verchere on the Geology of Kashmir, [No. 2, 



I have added a few sketches of fossils which, I hope, will be found 

 sufficiently well done to enable the organisms to be easily recognized. 

 The forms sketched are those which have appeared to me most 

 characteristic of the beds met with. 



The two parts of which this paper consists are nearly separate 

 memoirs. In the first, chapters 1 and 2, a description of the mountains 

 of Kashmir is given in some detail. In the second theoretical views 

 are discussed; but as Kashmir is merely a small portion of the 

 Himalaya, it was found impossible to understand many fossils without 

 taking such general views as referred to the whole mass of the 

 chain ; and, further, as the Himalayan chain is supposed by me to be 

 intimately connected with the Afghan mountains, these mountains 

 had also to be considered. In order to be intelligible, it became 

 therefore necessary to write a cursory survey of the Afghan-Himalayan 

 regions ; this is done in the 3rd chapter. It is of course very superficial 

 and incomplete ; yet I hope that it may not be without some interest. 

 On the data furnished by the first three chapters, the hypotheses 

 advanced in the fourth are based. 



I have not entered into many details on the eocene and miocene 

 formations (except incidentally), as it would have lengthened to undue 

 proportion this already too long paper ; these formations deserve to 

 he studied by themselves. The same remarks apply to the Jurassic 

 and Saliferian rocks. In chapter 3, however, a few words will be 

 found on the nature and relations of these beds. The principal object 

 of this paper, in its descriptive portion at least,, has been a study of 

 the older rocks, viz. Silurian and carboniferous, together with the 

 volcanic and metamorphic rocks. 



I trust that the many imperfections and errors which cannot fail to 

 occur in a memoir of this nature, will not be too severely criticised. 

 My excuse is that this paper was prepared at one of the out-posts of 

 the Punjab Frontier, where I had not the usual assistance of a Museum 

 and a Library. Such as it is, I hope that it may not be without 

 interest to some of the members of the Society who are fond of 

 geological researches. 



