1866.] the Western Himalaya and Afghan Mountains. 95 



however, a well marked stratification which is rendered very conspicu- 

 ous by the white penicilli being parallel to it. There are also 

 cleavage and joints as before, but a great deal more quartz in the 

 latter. 



The next beds, lower down, are much lighter in colour and more 

 compact in structure. The paste is ash-grey, felspathic and dull 

 looking, but instead of the penicilli noted before, we have here regular 

 almond-shaped masses of white saccharine albite, usually about one 

 inch long and two-tenths of an inch across, but often made larger 

 and with the albite in the state of a fine incoherent sand. Then 

 rocks, like the one with penicilli, but bluer in tint and interbedded with 

 amygdaloidal greenstone and felspathic ash, containing oval nodules 

 of augite, extend to the west, as far as the Shumalarum which they 

 appear to entirely compose. 



The angle of dip, on the right bank of the river, is again very 

 great, being about 60°, and the beds are a good deal faulted. One 

 fault has a direction N. E. — S. "W. and the river runs in it at 

 Baramoola. It is continued in a ravine on the right bank of the 

 river, about a mile below the town. The angle of dip is not the 

 same on both sides of the fault, and there has been a slight down-throw 

 on the south. The Jheelum, while in the fault, is narrow but 

 navigable ; at the ravine, it turns suddenly to the south, quitting the 

 fault and passing over a band of rock which stretches from W. to E., 

 thus forming a small rapid. From this place to Ori, where the 

 Jheelum enters the Sub-Himalayan tertiary sandstones, the Vedusta 

 follows its course across the much up-tilted beds of felstone, changing 

 its character of a winding, placid, broad and shallow river into that 

 of a boiling, rapid, deep and narrow torrent, and forming, as it were, a 

 succession of small falls and cascades all the way down. The thick- 

 ness of the felstone near Baramoola is enormous. I can form but a 

 mere appreciation, not having followed the beds sufficiently far to 

 the west ; but I am certain that it is much above 5,000 feet. 



4. The following section (marked I. on the map) is merely a 

 diagram to enable the reader to understand the position of the beds. 

 It is oblique and not at right angle to the dip. 



