1866.] the Western Himalaya and Afghan Mountains. 123 



27. Slate, fissile. It differs from the preceding by decaying nmch more 

 quickly by exposure, the whole bed being covered by small debris. It dips 

 W. on its western side, and E. on the eastern, whilst the centre of the fold is 

 zigzagged 30 ft 



28. Slate, compact and dark blue 8 ft 



29. Slaty shale, grey and dark, dipping W. a few degrees N. at an angle 

 of 55°. It is continued (underneath) by coarser shales which form an anti- 

 clinal (not easily seen on account of debris and of the decayed state of the 

 shale). On the other side of the anticlinal the dip is nearly due E. 60°. The 

 extent of outcrops of this layer (not its thickness) is about 5 to 600 ft. 



30. Metamorphosed slate, fissile and greyish blue j much jointed ; the joints 

 are yawning, sometimes a foot apart ; they strike W. E. vertically. The stra- 

 tification dips E. S. E. with an angle of 50°, but that is much falsified by the 

 stratum inwrapping the end of the spur. This bed presents in its middle, 

 thin layers as follows : 



a. Soft, yellow quartzose sandstone, nearly friable, 8 inches, b. Dirty 

 quartzite, 8 inches, bb. Do. with veins of pure white opaque quartz, 1 foot. 

 c. A hard, brown, baked quartzose with spreading veins of quartz, 6 inches. 

 Total 3 feet. The whole outcrop of the bed (not its thickness) is about 130 ft. 



Here ends the Tukt-i-Suliman, and between this hill and the foot 

 of the W. N. W. spur of the Zebanwan passes the road from Srina- 

 gar to the Nishat Bagh. (Sect. A). 



The W. N. W. Spur of the Zebanwan. Ascending this spur in the 

 continuation of the section, we have the following beds : 



1. Slate more or less laminated, with large yawning joints striking W— E. 

 The stratification is well shown by the colouring of the slate j it dips W. 45° ; 

 inwrapping the end of the spur. 



It may be here remarked, that the beds of slate, ash and fossili- 

 ferous rocks nearly always present this inwrapping arrangement 

 at the end of spurs and when they cross a spur; it appears that 

 these beds had plasticity enough to bend all round when upheaved by 

 inferior rocks. A fine example of this inwrapping arrangement is 

 seen in the limestone which terminates the spur of the Zebanwan 

 over the village of Zeeawan : the limestone, in endeavouring to 

 arrange itself around the band of volcanic rock which upheaved it, 

 has split into slices from 5 to 15 feet thick, diverging like an open 

 fan. (Sect. C). 



To come back to our section, the slate has a tendency to break into 

 prismatic pieces, and the joint-surfaces are coated with a yellowish or 



