124 Mr. Verchere on the Geology of Kashmir, [No. 2, 



dirty white quartz. This hed is evidently a continuation of the last 

 bed of the Tukt-i-Suliman (30 of section A), and the road passes over 

 a synclinal, which would be very evident, were it not for the inwrap- 

 ping arrangement of the slate at both extremities of the bed. As we 

 go up the hill, we observe that the bed forms a small eminence of its 

 own, being separated by a fault from the western beds which have a 

 general south-easterly dip. It extends for about a thousand yards 

 along the southern aspect of the hill, wheeling round and, as it were, 

 lining the foot of the spur, its dip becoming gradually more southerly 

 until it is S. W. 



2. Following our section, we find, after the fault, the same alter- 

 nate disposition of felspathic ash with nodules of augite, of dark 

 slate more or less laminated, baked and metamorphosed, and of vol- 

 canic agglomerate full of dark coloured lapilli. It would be tedious and 

 unprofitable to give a minute description of each bed, especially as 

 the enumeration would be a long one, each bed being seldom more 

 than 10 feet in thickness. No greenstone was seen for more than 

 half a mile ; the ashes are always tolerably compact when not in a de- 

 composed state, and always invaded by innumerable nodules of augite. 

 They are always well stratified, and it appears therefore evident that 

 the whole of the ejecta fell into water, by which they were arranged 

 in well defined strata. The amygdaloidal condition of nearly all 

 the rocks, whether ash or slate, seems to indicate that the water was 

 raised to a high temperature during the volcanic eruptions ; and the 

 want of animal remains in the slate beds and amongst the agglome- 

 rates is in accordance with this hypothesis. 



It goes on, as I said before, for above half a mile, alternating ash 

 and slate, with occasionally a dirty-brownish bed of rotten and cal- 

 careous ash decomposing very fast and throwing out, on its surface 

 and also between its joints, a large quantity of kunkur. The strike 

 of the beds turns gradually to true N. S. and the dip is E., the angle 

 with the horizon being between 60° and 70°. Beds of laterite now 

 begin to appear, of a yellowish grey colour and resembling indurated 

 clay. They are a little harder than slate, sparingly amygdaloidal, 

 and the geodes are very small and filled with quartz. They break 

 into small cuboid fragments. These laterites are interstratified with 

 beds of dark slate, and lying over them we get the following strata : — 



