126 



Mr. Verchere on the Geology of Kashmir, 



[No. 2, 



Fault. 



and this proximity to a large fault might perhaps account for the metamor- 

 phosed appearance of the clay. 



The fault is about 500 

 feet wide, and is filled with 

 zig-zagged slate, ash and 

 laterite. A very great deal 

 of kunkur is found all over 

 the ground. This fault goes 

 right across the hill, from 



„. n near the ruin of Pari Ia« 



I'lff. O. 



hal to the small spur over 

 1. Slate. 2. Massive Laterite or Baked Clay. , „ , ,. 



3. Slate, Ash and Laterite in the fault. ^ vllla S e of Pandrettan. 



4. Amygdaloidal Greenstone. 



East of the fault, the rocks are very different ; they are rocks similar to 

 those we saw at the foot of the Tukt-i-Suliman ; viz. greenstone and amygda- 

 loid, and there has been therefore a downthrow on the west of the fault. The 

 strike is very different on both sides of the fault. We have seen that on the 

 west side it is S. W. — N. E. with an eastern dip ; the greenstone and amyg- 

 daloid strike S. E— N. W., dipping to the N. E. 



There is no occasion to describe these greenstones and amygdaloids 

 again, as I have done so before at the foot of the Tukt-i-Suliman. But 

 we must notice here a very great quantity of what I have called gas- 

 vents ; the amygdaloidal greenstone is in some places completely per- 

 forated by these vents which are sometimes filled with quartz, 

 sometimes with augite, and sometimes left empty. (See figs. 1. la, 

 PL X.) 



20. Crossing the broad ravine above the village of Pandrettan, a 

 ravine in which once flourished a Buddhist city of which the ruined 

 walls are still to be traced, we notice a spur composed of dark and 

 brittle basalt, much jointed but not columnar. It is interstratified 

 with a volcanic ash, similar to that seen in the Rustun Glurree. The 

 end of the spur presents a fine example of beds of ash and laterite 

 inwrapping or infolding subjacent beds : the spur is narrow and the 

 layers of ash and laterite are bent down on each side of it, just as a layer 

 of paste laid across a ruler would by its weight bend on each side of 

 the ruler. The dip of the beds is N. E., and consequently the strike 

 is obliquely across the spur which has a W. south-western direction, 

 and when we look up the hill, facing to the N. E., we can then see the 

 beds of ash and laterite cropping out one above the other, like steps, 



