1866.] the Western Himalaya and Afghan Mountains. 173 



1. Quartzite, bluish grey, gTitty and rough, 2 ft. 



2. Trap, having a shaly appearance. A great deal of kunkur is seen along 

 the line of fault, 1 ft. 



3. Quartzite, excessively irregular and having a very peculiar appearance : 

 it is divided in meshes like a very coarse travertin, or rather like lead "which 

 has been dropped in cold water while in a melted state. There is however a 

 certain pretty well marked stratification or superposition of courses. The 

 rock looks like a siliceous paste which had solidified suddenly when in a sate 

 of ebullition. It first dips W. about 50°, increasing gradually to the vertical 

 and then inclining the other way, dipping S. E. 80°. It, however, soon becomes 

 vertical and gradually dips again W. 50°, 40 ft. 



4. Pale trachyte. Dips W. 50°, 15 ft. 



5. Limestone, crystalline and metamorphosed ; no organisms. Weathering 

 rough ; much stained by iron-oxyde, 3 ft. 



6. Zeeawan limestone with the usual fossils; dips W. 40°, 50 ft. 



7. Zeeawan brown shales, 10 ft, 



8. Slate ; coarse, micaceous. Squeezed by proximity to a fault ; no fossils ? 

 A fault, from N. E. — S. W. with a downthrow or the southern side. The 



slates are partially in the fault. 



37. If we ascend the next spur, Barns spur, from the south, pretty 

 high up the little ravine, and make our way to the monumental 

 " Ling" which crowns the hill,* we see nothing but trap and 

 ashes which have been brought up again on the northern side of the 

 I fault. The top of the hill is covered with grass and debris which 

 prevent the rocks being seen in situ, but many pieces of ash, amyg- 

 ; daloid and white quartzite are seen loose on the earth, showing that the 

 usual quartzite bed exists here. On the western and north-western 

 , aspect of the hillock, the rocks are uncovered and we have the follow- 

 ing series. 



ITrap and volcanic ash 

 Quartzite 



Here two beds are covered by vegetable earth, as mentioned above. 



II. Zeeawan limestone with usual fossils. Dips W. 50°, 40 ft. 

 2. Greyish-blue limestone without fossils, 15 ft. 



3. Beds concealed by vegetable earth and by lacustrine deposits 30 ft. 



4. Shaly limestone with few and broken shells 40 ft. 



* This is, I believe, one of the largest, if not the largest " Ling" or " Em- 

 blem of Creation." It measures 14 feet in circumference and was about 20 

 feet high. The base is hexagonal ; the preputial line is in relief, and appears 

 to have been carved. This monster ling is now broken in two or three pieces,, 

 and the upper half is prostrate on the ground ; the hexagonal base and about, 

 6 feet of the body of the ling are still standing. 



