Tlie Ethnology of India. 127 



" Ariana" I am unable to say. The change, on the southern frontier of 

 the Maratta country, to a Canarese population seems to be abrupt, and 

 there are few traces of progress of the tribes southwards at that point. 

 I am inclined to think that the aborigines held out in the hilly 

 country about Sattara and Poonah till a more recent date, and that 

 the Arian immigration into the south principally occurred by a route 

 farther to the east through the Telinga country, which may possibly 

 have been then more extensive than it now is. In this I put aside 

 the question of maritime immigration from the west. 



The Telinga country seems, from some source, to have been civilised 

 at a very early date, and there appears to be reason to believe that a 

 good deal of the country about Warangal and thence eastwards to- 

 wards the sea, was in a better state than that into which it has 

 since fallen. Much of the ancient Telinga country is said to have 

 been taken from the Koles who (in the sense in which I have used the 

 word) are not now adjacent — the Gonds intervening — and the country 

 was it seems anciently called " Kalinga" which may be another form 

 of Coolie-land. The old Telingas seem to have been a maritime 

 people, and it was probably they who carried Hindu ideas and perhaps 

 some Hindu blood into the Eastern Isles. To this day the Hindus 

 of the Eastern Coast are called " Klings" on the opposite side of the 

 Bay and in the Islands, a name evidently derived from Kalinga or 

 Kalinga. It is then much to be hoped that we may obtain some 

 better knowledge of the Telinga country. 



The Bainjagas, who are very important in the Canarese country, are 

 stated to be comparatively humble in the Telinga country and reduced 

 to the condition of cultivators and labourers, while the mercantile 

 business is in the hands of Comtees or Comatiyas, claiming to be a 

 race of pure Arian Yaisyas. The dominant classes are others of Arian 

 character, whom I shall presently mention so far as I know them. 

 All this would seem to indicate that if the Banees, being according to 

 my speculation western immigrants, ever reached the Telinga country 

 as Srawaks or Lingamites, or with some earliest forms of that type 

 of faith, they have since been reduced and humbled by Northern 

 Arians. 



The principal people of whom I find mention in the Telinga 

 country are Aylmas or Velmas, said to be " the Rajpoots of the 



