46 Contributions to Persian Lexicography. [No. 1, 



Nor is Vullers happy in his etymologies. The reference to pisang 

 under JB-j, p. 243, may be learned; but a date-palm is not a 

 plantain-tree, o^., p. 249, does not eorue from patncms, but from 

 patriarch. Under ^ Udrah hastiness, p. 162, Vullers compares 

 1 rah with » b rah, mistaking «,*4 for a Persian word; but the word 

 is Arabic, and should be pronounced Udirah.lJ^- bakshi, p. 197, is 

 quoted as belonging to a lingua exotica, but it is Persian, and the same as 

 80 iiS- J^>. . Under u*»S. clover, p. 221, he says, deest in ceteris lexicis ; 

 it is in every Arabic Dictionary ; just as elyJ, p. 480, is in every 

 Turkish Vocabulary. The Sanscrit word under <&->., p. 239, may 

 also be very learned, but it was useless, as the whole word is one of 

 the PJ.'s blunders* 



Another defect of Vullers' Lexicon is this, that in case of words 

 having several forms, the meanings are often given under the unusual 

 or doubtful form. Thus, in the case of J>f and J~f, where Vullers 

 has put the meaning to J^T, instead of to J-f, for which alone the 

 Dictionaries give examples. Examples of such displaced meamngs 



are frequent. , .. 



The use which Vullers has made of the Bahar i 'Ajam, cannot be 

 approved of. His extracts are most desultory. In hundreds of cases 

 he has given the least useful examples, whilst the number of words 

 which he has altogether omitted-on what principle, I do not know- 

 is very large. We have only to compare the articles J- Jul, 6** jalLAd, 



*J^, *U, i,*i-:, A &*> (•*• JU ^' ***' ^^ ^***~' 

 jL janndb, jUi*, <*&*, *M^ ^> ^ lw F^> ^ °^' f*' 



;W, <**i si*, *>> '*»*>*> >^> ^ ^ ***T "I S 7 U 



in Bh and Vull. Bh.'s valuable notes to some of these words, his fine 

 articles headed *«l*, dU^****, d*. ^, &c, arc entirely left out. 



* It should be Ar. O-j to**-, smiling i Khusrau (metre mujtass)- 



4. world which in the eyes of wise men is a book of laughter, .no 

 worth half a smile from the ever-laughing Up of the sweetheart -where 

 Z W. reads Jt- KM* inventing at the same time the meamng a coraL 



Besides it would not be Persian to -y^*,' coral lip , i. .should L j. 



least be JB J( 0X-. oJ, as you -7 ^^ ^ Smular m.tak s „MTJ. ; 



adopted by B. and Vullers, are |^| uW, a star, for A. |y| »»«, pi- of *y 



M« ; -a» ioiom, for the Arabic ^ Mjm> ** 



