1868.] Contributions to Persian Lexicography. 55 



(or ring) of gold ; and through thee the neck of the ass has an orna- 

 ment of rubies. 



c^li5| uftudan. The spelling a^LujI is an ancient plena scriptio, 

 which in iJolHl has become the usual form, although c>j>lx*oj. is 

 pronounced. The older Indian Dictionaries, as the Sh., Mil., Ma. 

 mention the pronunciation aftadan as having then prevailed in India. 

 You say *£*| &xjjj ^jjj^ ^j| it costs- a rupee ; *>J&vi *^— ^ U3 3 ' erii"^ *^ 

 ajb <j*^ he takes care that the land does not fall off in cultivation ; 

 Jbtii| ^/oj land n0 longer cultivated ; ^Y>j &**^*\ the state of 

 being waste land; *xk| AJU) jj> )\j the secret becomes public; 

 ^Uij Jjir*^ J «*^**^ j*" ^43 cst^l j^Lr - * jl from childhood he made 

 verses and lived in 'Iraq, A. A. p. 251. 



jUi| tujlnjdr, plural of y^. The word occurs used as singular, a 

 rival. Hay at i of Gilan (metre llamal) 



tl Inconstant lovers are hostile to each other on account of the 

 inconstancy. of their love; in true love no one has a rival." Vide 

 cr?t-^ bulhawas. Similarly, |<>-c| add, pi. of 'aduwio, occurs used as a 

 singular. 'Umar i khayyam (Iluba'i) 



«£**• to.* I \j vJd *$ JS^b^i* <^ijt i£***\j ^w*A.jl &l&)l="j (*jL> i *"°c$'° 



" I drink wine, and opponents from the right and left cry out to me, 

 ' Don't drink wine ; it is the foe of faith.' Since I have learned that 

 wine is the foe of faith, I must drink the red blood of the foe ; for 

 this is lawful." In the third micra' we have to pronounce 'aduunv, 

 and in the fourth 'add. 



ijM\ aqdas. In Indian writers the same as royal. So also ^s&a 

 muqaddas and L ^wtii qndsi. c5 ^^ oli dzdt-i-qudsi, the royal person. 



f\jJ\ ilzdm, c. <Jdj£,Od\d, to make a thing Idzim or compulsory ; hence 

 to force, to overcome, to defeat in pi ay. So also, O^ ^Cj^ mulzini- 

 i-hase shudan = i±)dJ& i~JU. 'Urfi (metre llamal) 



+±~Ju <JUJj> cu~» I &ji j&jA. f *>iA ->4b' v lj;l fjX*> +j£> &sziji*> [£)ja. 

 u When by way of play I defeat the literary writers (who hold the doc- 

 trine of the jauhar-i-fard, i.e., the atomic theory, which the hukama 

 do not), the jauhar i-fard (here = the mouth of the sweetheart) smiles, 

 and proves the divisibility, (because the lips in smiling divide)." 



