12 Dr. Verchere on the Geology of Kashmir, [No. 1 7 



no doubt that this micaceous quartzite represents the bed of quartzite 

 which we have seen invariably underlying the Zeeawan bed in Kash- 

 mir. The beds of volcanic ash which it probably covers are not 

 exposed in the Kafir Kote Range. 



The Zeeawan bed of lime'stone is capped by very extensive and 

 thick beds of Weean limestone rich in goniatites, in mussel-like 

 anthracosiae, in Aviculo-pectens and other characteristic fossils. I 

 found some blocks of the sandy limestone in which the anthracosicd, 

 solenopsis and A. pectens are generally found, containing one speci- 

 men of Productus semireticulatus, several Athyris subtilita (Hall) and 

 A. Boyssii (L. W.), and also the P. Bolivicutis (D'Orb.) mixed up with 

 the anthracosice and A. pectens , a mixture of Zeeawan and Weean 

 fossils which I never saw in Kashmir. Some very large bivalves of 

 which debris had been found in Kashmir and resembling an aviculoid 

 inequilateral pecten were also found ; the transverse diameter is 7 J 

 inches. Fine nautilides and spines of cidaris six inches long were 

 also found. In the Rottah Roh the difference between the Zeeawan 

 and Weean beds is not everywhere so well marked as it is in Kashmir, 

 as I have just exemplified ; generally, however, the assemblage of 

 fossils given in the plates as characteristic of the beds is the same as 

 it is in Kashmir. 



In the northernmost end of the Rottah Roh, the Zeeawan bed does 

 not appear, and is only represented near Kumdul by a few small 

 mounds of debris rising through the sandy plain close to the foot of 

 the hill. As we travel south and approach the Kafir Kote river, the 

 Zeeawan bed appears under the Weean, and can be traced without in- 

 terruption as far as the southern end of the hill a few miles from 

 Paniala. It is impossible to give the dip and strike of the Zeeawan 

 bed, as not a hundred yards of it keeps the same direction ; the 

 broken fragments of the bed are more like packed ice in the polar 

 seas than like courses of rock in a hill. The Weean bed above is 

 much less disturbed, except the deepest beds which rest immediately on 

 the Zeeawan ; it dips generally N. W. with a very trifling angle 

 varying from 20° to 8° or 9° with the horizon ; occasionally the dip 

 becomes W. and even S. W. 



I have not seen any beds in the Rottah Roh similar to the Kothair 

 bed of Kashmir. 



