26 Geological Notes on the Khasi Hills. [No. I, 



dip in the coarse sandstones. About 400 yards on was another bed, of 

 greater thickness and better quality, the remnants of which we had seen 

 scattered all the way down the stream bed ; it passed quite across it, from 

 bank to bank. For a better idea of this most interesting section see that 

 marked C ; it will be there seen, that the coal is brought to the surface 

 by the anticlinal in the whole set of these beds, which extend to the 

 nummulitic limestone, being evidently much disturbed here, and seen to 

 change suddenly from a dip of 60 degrees N. E. to perfect horizontally, 

 and continuing thus with the slightest dip, about equal to the fall of the 

 valley, all the way up to Nongumlai. This line of dislocation, it will 

 be seen from a glance at the map, is curiously situated, in a direct line, 

 with another evident great bending of the same strata in the Rugsir, 

 where the limestone crosses that stream, and would extend to Bagoli, 

 where the limestone is again seen bending over with an increased dip of 

 25 degrees to the south. Continued to the N. W. as a due straight line, 

 it passes through a culminating point of the G-aro hills, Wanrai Prak, 

 which seen from a distance is doubtless of the newer stratified rocks, 

 having there attained considerable elevation. 



Not far above the last mentioned section the Su Hileng tributary 

 comes down to the N. West ; and from under the eastern scarp of 

 Pundengroo, much coal is washed down ; but I had no opportunity 

 of visiting the site.* To the north of Tigasin hill-station the 

 coal is seen, with a dip north of about 8 degrees and a thickness 

 of some 8 to 10 feet, in the infra nummulitic beds ; this northerly 

 dip brings in the limestone at the bottom of the valley, whence the 

 beds rise again with a S. S. West incline, and a very low angle. At a 

 distance of some six miles, the path descends into the Asbik river, 

 close to which, the same coal is met with again, here almost in a 

 horizontal position. It is again seen on the ascent of the left bank, 

 but a good deal of it is covered up with debris. On descending to 

 the Wy-yow river on the other side of the ridge, gneiss comes in, and 

 I did not again observe any stratified rocks all the way to Nongtien 

 Shiling, and thence via Nongkushba, until Landekar is again reached. 

 The Um Blay at this part of its course, flowed through the mass of 

 met amorphic rocks. 



i * Native information indicates that the coal here is in large quantity ; even 

 should this be found the case, it is too far into hills to be worked profitably. 





