30 Anatomy of Sag 'artia Schiller iana [No. 1> 



Sub^hylum, Petracaleph^:.* 



(Polypi). 



Class, Anthozoa. 



(Zoophyta.f ) 



Body fleshy, attached with one end ; on the other provided with a 

 mouth usually surrounded by hollow and perforated tentacles ; internal 

 cavity divided by septa. 



Sub-class, Hexacorallia. 

 The original number of septa and tentacles are six. 



Order, Halirhoda.J 

 (Zoantheria malacodermata, sea-roses, sea-flowers, or sea-anemones.) 

 Body soft, septa not forming an external hard skeleton, into which 

 the animal can retract. 



Sub-order, Actiniacea. 

 Body very rarely containing loose, scleroid particles ; base adherent 

 at pleasure, not adapted to form a swimming sac ; internal cavity 

 instructed with very long, not emissible thread-like organs (craspeda),§ 

 containing the so called nettle-cells, or cnidce. 

 Family, Sagartiid^e.|| 

 Body pierced with loop-holes (cinclides) for the purpose of emitting 

 long, retractile threads (acontia) containing cnidce, being the defensive 

 organs of the animal. 



This family may be separated into two divisions, the Sagartiince and 

 the Bunodince, the latter of which have the column instructed with 

 tubercles. 



* From being usually adherent to rocks, the other sub -phylum is called 

 Nectacaleplws, including the swimming or oceanic forms. 



f This name is inconsistent with the usual nomenclature, and could only be 

 used by reversing it into Phytozoa, but to this the name Anthozoa is preferable. 



J This name only can imply that the animals live in water, which contains 

 a proportion of salt, &c. it must not be understood as pure sea-water, for there 

 are numerous brackish species belonging to this order. 



§ To avoid numerous repetitious, I must direct any one, not acquainted 

 with the terminology of the anotomy of corals, and especially of that of the 

 Halirhoda, to the subsequent detailed description of the various organs. Most 

 of the terms will be found fully explained in Gosse's admirable History of British 

 Sea-anemones. London, 1866. 



|| The true Actiniidce, and several other allied families, do not possess emissible 

 threads, or acontia, and are therefore destitute of loop-holes, or cinclides. 



