Bibliography 1 1 7 



orange growers obtained by persona] interviews, has just been is- 

 sued by Scipio Craig for the Redlands (Cal. ) Orange Grove and 

 Water Co. It is well worthy of a perusal at the hands of would- 

 be-growers. 



Historical Society of Southern California. — Annual 

 publication of 1888-9. This issue is truly a historical pamph- 

 let (fifty-five pages) containing no contributions to natural 

 science, but of interest to the student of our State history, as it 

 treats of some of the earlier political movements. 



John Hamilton. Catalogue of the Coleoptera common to 

 North America, Northern Asia and Europe, with distribution and 

 bibliography. (Philadelphia, 1889; reprinted from Trans. Am er. 

 Ent. Soc.) This valuable catalogue, enumerating as many as 

 484 species of Coleoptera common to the northern regions of both 

 hemispheres will be of great assistance to all students of geograph- 

 ical distribution. 



The general conclusions to which the author is led by the 

 abundant facts thus marshaled in orderly array are "that Europe 

 and America were formerly as widely separated by water as they 

 now are; that eastern and western North America were divided 

 by water centrally (the north-eastern part probably submerged 

 in whole or in part); that the area now occupied by Behring sea 

 from Kamschakta to Alaska and far west of the Aleutian Islands was 

 land and possessed a more temperate climate than at present." 

 For he says "The large number of native species in common 

 and the intimate relation between the Coleoptera of North-west- 

 ern America and North-eastern Asia is brought out very promin- 

 ently, while on the other hand the paucity of native common 

 species on both the Atlantic Coasts is as plainly presented." This 

 view, although contrary to that of many authors.is not new and is 

 supported by many facts in distribution other than those presented 

 by the Coleoptera. 



Among ferns we have Pteris serrulata common to North 

 America and China — but on the other hand what is to be said of 

 Woodwardia radicans occurring at San Diego, Cal., and in 

 Madeira? Among fishes the remarkable resemblance between the 

 sturgeon of Asia and America (of the genera Scaphirhynchus 

 and Polyodon) has been pointed out; of Phcenogamic plants, 

 Fragaria vesca, although common to North America and Europe 

 is found also in Japan, while W. O. Focke states that Souj 

 Chinese and North Indian types of the genus Rubus occuiT 

 Mexico and Peru. These are only a few instances — many oth) 

 of like nature might be given. Indeed, in an article on Cer\) 

 luchdorfi, the Asiatic representative of our wapiti, printed 

 "Nature" in 1881 we read that "Taken in connection with oth| 

 similar phenomena which have lately come to light, it tends 

 show very evidently that north America owes its many resenl 

 blances to the Palcearctic fauna, not to any former land connectiol 

 between Europe and North America, as was formerly suppose* 



