24 Translations from the Tdrikh i Firuz Shdhi. [No. 1, 



ments of a soldier, as well as subsistence for his wife and family, become 

 excessively cheap, and are reduced to the price of water ; for if your 

 Majesty can succeed in lowering the price of provisions beyond measure, 

 a large force can be raised and permanently maintained according to 

 the idea that has entered your august mind ; and by the aid of this vast 

 force all fear of danger from the Mughuls will be averted." 



The Sultan then consulted with his trusty and experienced coun- 

 cillors and ministers, as to what he should do, in order that the means 

 of livelihood might be made exceedingly cheap and moderate, without 

 introducing capital punishment, torture, or severe coercion. The 

 Sultan's ministers and advisers represented, that until fixed rules 

 were established, and permanent regulations introduced for lowering 

 prices, the means of livelihood would never get exceedingly cheap. 

 First then, for the cheapening of grain, the benefit of which is 

 common to all, they proposed certain measures, and by the adoption 

 of these measures, grain became cheap, and remained so for years. 



These measures were as follows : a fixed price current ; a magistrate 

 (to carry out the provisions) of the law ; royal granaries; prohibition 

 against all sales at enhanced prices ; consignment of the caravans 

 of grain into the hands of the magistrate of the market ; sale of 

 grain by the cultivators at their own fields ; publication of the price 

 current daily before the throne. 



By the adoption of the seven measures detailed above, whatever 

 was the price current determined before the throne, it never rose a 

 dang, whether there was an excess or a scarcity of rain. 



[For the last two paragraphs, the Ed. Bibl. Indica, p. 304, 1. 4 from below 

 to p. 305, 1, 10, has the following : — 



Regulation I. — The price of grain to be fixed before the throne. 



approaching its later (Indian) meaning of lands assigned to military commanders, 

 occurs in Barani (Ed. B. I., p. 40, 1. 13) — 



o*-£i,i eUa5{ ojf^J^ jxfi*. j] jM > j\yA> ji^ 



* He had 4000 troopers as jdgir, and held Badaon as aqtd' ; for which later 

 Histoiuans would say 



*■£*•* taj-Jr^- cJj ' *Hj uwAA/o jl^-w jli* jl^a. 



The word mangao, like zaminddr, is old, and occurs even in the Tabaqdt i 

 Ndgvri. 



It is of interest to watch the changes of meaning which the word jdgir has 

 gone through. 



