1870.] Translations from the Tdrilch i Firm Shdhi. 11 



dih, and Kliirdjguzar be properly applied to a Hindu ?" The 

 Qazi replied, " By the ecclesiastical law, the term * Khiraj-guzar' is 

 applicable to a Hindu only, who, as soon as the revenue collector de- 

 mands the sum due from him, pays the same with meekness and 

 humility, coupled with the utmost respect, and free from all reluc- 

 tance ; and who, should the collector choose to spit in his mouth, 

 opens the same without hesitation, so that the official may spit into 

 it, and under such circumstances continues to pay him homage. The 

 purport of this extreme meekness and humility on his part, and of the 

 collector's spitting into his mouth, is to shew the extreme subser- 

 vience incumbent on this class, the glory of Islam and the orthodox 

 faith, and the degradation of false religion. God Almighty himself [in 

 the Qoran] declares with regard to their being subjected to degrada- 

 tion 'cm yadin wahum gdghiruna* and thus he expressly commands 

 their complete degradation, inasmuch as these Hindus are the dead- 

 liest foes of the true Prophet. Mustafa, on whom be blessing 

 and peace, has given orders regarding the slaying, plundering, and 

 imprisoning of them, ordaining that they must either follow the true 

 faith, or else be slain and imprisoned, and have all their wealth 

 and property confiscated. With the exception of the Imam i A'zam 

 [Abu Hanifah], whose doctrines we uphold, we have no other 

 great divine as authority for accepting the poll tax fjazyahj from a 

 Hindu; for the opinion of other learned men is based on the [TIadis~] 

 text, " either death, or Islam." Sultan 'Alauddin burst out laughing 

 at Qazi Mughis's answer, and said : "I know nothing of the subjects 

 that you have been talking about ; but it had often struck me, that 

 the landed proprietors and chief men used to ride fine horses, wear 

 handsome clothes, shoot with the Persian bow [i. e., cross bow], fight 

 among themselves, and follow the chase, and yet never paid a jetal of 

 their taxes on lands, persons, flocks and herds, although they took their 

 proprietary share of the produce separately, and that they were further 

 in the habit of having parties and drinking wine ; yet some of them 

 would never come to the collectorate, whether summoned or not, nor 

 pay the least respect to the revenue officers. My anger was roused 

 at this, and glowing with passion, I said to myself : Here am I de- 

 sirous of conquering other countries, and bringing more realms under 

 * Qoran 9, 29. Sale's Qoran, 1857, p. 152, Vide Am translation, p. 237, note 1. 



