104 NATURAL HISTORY MISCELLANY. 


















have only seen a difference between them of size.” —The occurrence ofa 
venomous black spider is noticed at Berdiansk, amongst the wheat at ha 
vest time. — Guyon writes on the parasitic Flea, or kapap i Pulex @ Rhyn 
cuoprion) penetrans, which lives under the skin of man and pigs. 
tural enemies is the Cockroach (Blatta parior l 
oran (Chelifer cancroides) is destructive to the common Flea.—D 
gives an account of some experiments conducted for the purpose 
termining the possibility of spontaneous generation (heterogeny)- 
opinion, that, in the actual state of science, heterogeny is a chimera. 

NATURAL HISTORY MISCELLANY. 

BOTANY. 
Can Li IFIED BY CHEMICAL TrEsTs?— Some 
experiments illustrating the differences in the chemical conti 
Lichens have lately been published (Regensburg Flora, 1 
large genus Cladonia, by Mr. Leighton (Annals and Magazine of Natt 
ES pi 1866), and by a general consideration of the described phen! 
as recognizable in Spitzbergen = ae by Dr. Theodore Fries 
of Kanta in Acta Holmiæ, 1867 
, from these expavinidute that Hypochlorite (Chle 
me tarnishes “a sort of immediate ahatyein* of the colorable ™ 
a 
r so N 
pies from those which do. The same holds good in Dirin 
canora tartarea (Cudbear of dyers) as compared with closely all 
cies, and in Umbilicaria and Parmelia, it being necessary in the latt 
the red fruit of species of Cladonia and of Biatora, in Hete 
Domingense, etc., the contact of the salt immediately ines 8 
Haws 

species otherwise refetable to the groups nam ed which do not 
change (as Theloschistes candelarius) are thus elegantly, aud 
