
116 _ THE SONGS OF THE GRASSHOPPERS. 
In September and October, the White Climbing- cricket ) 
( Ecanthus niveus, Fig. 1, left wing-cover of male, Fig la; 
= Figi. gla. the same of female* ) is found on the 
leaves of low trees and bushes. It makes _ 
a uniform note, exceedingly shrill bat 
, attenuated. : 
The peculiar development of the wing 
in stridulating Orthoptera is nowhere seen 
to better advantage than in this insect 
In the female, the veins of the central field run nearly paral 
lel to the border ; in the male, they cross the wing in various | 
directions, and either converge toward the point of stridu- 
lation on the inner border at the wing, where the inner and 
central fields meet, or act as supports to the converging 
veins. 
All these insects belong to the first class. There are many 
species in the second group (the green or long-horned grass- 
hoppers), but a few examples will suffice. “These insects, 
like the crickets, sing both by day and night, but, unlike the 
latter, their day-song differs from that of the night. On 
a summers day, it is curious to observe these little cret 
tures suddenly changing from the day to the night-song gat 
the mere passing of a cloud, and returning to the ol 
when the sky is clear. By imitating the two songs in @ 
daytime, the grasshoppers can be ahde to respond to cite 
at will; at night, they have but one note. 
The previous illustrations showed that the stridulatl 
organ of crickets occupied the middle field of the wing} | 
the green grasshoppers, on the contrary, it will be found 
the inner field ; here, too, the relative size of the inner 
is nearly the same in both sexes, but the stout, curved 
of the male is altogether wanting in the voiceless female. 
One of them, the Phaneroptera curvicauda (Fig. 2,™ 



























*1In all thei] $ tha dattad li Pen dgw aor Ws 

the wing; a represents the “ file;” b sae 
points at the li line of npada 
(or outer) and central felds; c, at that point between the central and pe mor Hel 
