THE WARBLERS. 173 




























abundant. The females arrive some time after their mates, 
and stay later; indeed, this seems to be the case with all the 
warblers. They stay during the whole month, remaining 
longer than almost any other species. On their first appear- 
ance they have no note but a simple chirp, but just before 
they leave us, the males have a singular drawling song of 
four or five notes. They pass here again in the fall on their 
southern migration about the first of October, and are both 
at this time and in the spring quite abundant. 
The Black-throated Green Warbler (D. virens). This 
species, rarer than the former, though still not at all scarce, 
arrives about the same time. It far excels the former 
species in its song, which is varied, sweet, and not inferior 
to that of any of the Sylvicolew. In autumn, they come 
down to us from the north along with the black-throated 
blue warblers, or else a little earlier, and, after remaining a 
short time,.move off to the south. 
The Chestnut-sided Warbler (D. Pennsylvanica) is one 
of the most beautiful members of its class. It was, if we 
may trust the accounts given to us by Audubon and Wilson, a 
rare species fifty years ago; now, however, it is one of our 
commonest warblers. In some seasons it is excessively 
abundant, at others not as much so; but it is never very 
Scarce. Its stay with us in the spring is usually very short, 
the main body not remaining more than two or three days. 
While on its spring visit it has, occasionally, a very pleasant 
Song, which it utters at short intervals, in the early morn- 
Somewhat resembling the chestnut-sided warbler in its 
coloring, but very different in its habits, is the Bay-breasted 
Warbler (D. castanea). It is one of the last to arrive, and, 
owing to the fact that by that time the foliage is pretty 
dense, and that it makes but a short stay, it is not very often 
Seen. It is not quite so active as the other warblers, and 
Keeps more on the lower boughs, seldom ascending to the 
tops of the trees. Early in the fall, about the middle of 
