
ENTOMOLOGIGAL CALENDAR. 219 
its readers the pleasure of becoming acquainted with his memoir in 
extenso, through a translation, we shall here restrain ourselves to giving, 
in the author’s own words, the general conclusions with which he sums 
up the most important results of his careful studies on the subject. 
1. During the Postpliocene epoch Brazil was inhabited by a very rich 
mammalian fauna, of which the recent one might almost be said to be a 
mere fraction or a crippled remnant, as many of its genera, even families 
and suborders, have vanished, and very few been added in more recent 
times. 
2. During the whole postpliocene epoch the Brazilian mammalian fauna 
had the same peculiar character which now distinguishes the South 
acteristic of South America. Only two of its genera, the one extinct 
(mastodon), the other still living (the horse), beens to families that in 
our epoch are limited to the Eastern hemisphe 
= sg ag cen gaan pugi were not g te same degree richer in 
former es The ta (Sloths, etc.), Pecora 
ee re ete. ag Prooseiden ( Cephants)y and lastly the Ferm have 
relatively suffered the greatest losses. Some orders, for instance the 
Chiroptera (Ba ts) ss Siria (Monkies), aruis contain even more 
genera now than form rly. 
4. The io hosana mammalian fauna of South America differed much 
bain wi t of the Eastern ie sphere, was much less distinct, 
or rather oiai as in the prehistorical atte The Postpliocene 
Mastodons and Tox odonts of Brazil, its many gigantic Armadillos and 
Sloths, ena well rival the Elephant, Rhinoceros, and Hippopotamus, 
» during the same period, roamed over the soil of Europe. —C. F. 
» Copenhagen, Feb. 14, 1868. 

ENTOMOLOGICAL CALENDAR. 
PESES 
the the ea through ter, and may be found early in spring f on 
dea, Of the Aster, the Viburnum dentatum, and Hazel. It is black 
deep orange-red, with long thick-set black spines. 
"Ti Currant- borer, Trochilium tipuliforme, a beautiful, slender, agile, 

