354 BIRDS OF PALESTINE AND PANAMA COMPARED. 
Turning now to a lower series, we look in vain for Clama- — 
torial perchers; that series which gives us the fierce king- í 
bird and querulous pewee, and which peoples South America — 
with thrush and warbler and shrike and tree-creeper. We — 
are induced to ask, then, has the old world a period the stat 
of the new? or were the respective countries to be forever 
stamped with the marks of rank and breeding. We cannot — 
answer’ these questions now, but will see what other regions — 
have to show. . 
In taking a hasty glance over the lower groups, in whieh 7 
the carotid arteries begin to be double, as the Syndaetyli, 
we find Palestine too far from the tropics to present us with l 
muclf array; but in the related Zygodactyles out forest- 
crowned continent must claim great preéminence. The oaks . 
of Bashan and Cedars of Lebanon had but a solitary Picts 
to probe their wounds, while we have eight in the immediate 
neighborhood of latitude 40° in our Eastern States. 7 
I will close with the birds of prey. Four swamp hawks 
eleven species of falcons, four kites, and eight native eagles, 
form a list unequalled in the annals of nobility by Y ln { 
There are together thirty-one species of Falconide, ae" 
vultures, four. The eagles appear to be all i | 
among them the most magnificent birds of prey» the imp* 
rial and golden species. How the flight of these ta : 
soaring alike over the crags of Carmel or stagnant Dead 4 
or the towers of Jerusalem, calls to mind the 
have so often in this land pierced beyond the clouds 0 to 
ness of heart and bonds of human grovelling; and "a l 
contemplation of that glorious and all-powerful On : 
created alike the mountain and the eagle. iN oth : 
_ To the ornithologist, acquainted with the fauna meee | 
America, it will thus be readily perceived, that, I0“ rois 
son, the bird-fauna just examined possesses MOr? A "n : 
representatives of the higher groups of the birds, ge ot 1 
lower groups, possess chiefly those of superior > a wih q 
lacks them altogether. Let us, however, compare PE i 

