














396 : FRESH-WATER SHELL-HEAPS- 
will be described, as they are nearly all essentially a 
an enumeration of the whole series will, however, be ¢ 
at the end of the article. — 
The mounds of oyster-shells on the sea-coast of Fl 
have long since attracted attention ; some of them have 
The fresh-water shell-heaps have received but comparative 
little notice, and have generally been supposed to be ei 
fluviatile or lacustrine deposits, for which any one mighi 
tainly be excused for mistaking them at first glance. £ 
they are the works of man the following observations 
tended to show. Count Pourtales, however, visited the shell- 
heaps at Old Enterprise, Lake Monroe, in 1858, when 
obtained from among the shells fragments of pottery, a 
the bones of animals. He has not published an account 
observations, but informs me that he came to the conel 
that this mound was artificial. a 
The existence of shell-heaps in other regions consis 
of the remains of fresh-water species, though from timè 
time noticed, have not been generally recognized. The 
observation that we have seen with regard to them 8 
. Atwater, who described mounds of mussel-shells on © 
banks of the Muskingum River, containing various 4 
of human workmanship.+ Dr. Brinton, while connected E 
the Army of the Cumberland in the war of the rebellion, 
food to the Indians ;¢ and during the last year pes w 
company with Mr. Ralph Waldo Emerson, Mr. Elliot 
and others, examined a similar deposit on the banks 
Concord River, in Massachusetts, consisting of Umo 
natus, and containing charcoal, pieces of worked e 
flint.§ I am also informed by Professor J. D. ¥ | 
* Notes on the Floridian Peninsula, p. 166. 
t Archwologia Americana, Vol. I, p. 226 
t Smithsonian Reports, 1866, p. 356. as 
§ Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History, Vol. Xi P- %5" 
