

OF ST. JOHNS RIVER, EAST FLORIDA. 401 
Excavations made in the ridges at the rear of this shell- 
heap did not yield precisely the same, nor so decisive results. 
The shells, consisting almost entirely of Paludinas, were 
much more compact, and the objects found in them much 
fewer. In certain directions there were appearances of some- 
what extensive removals of material having been made, but 
whether by the Indian or the white man, we could not learn. 
To the westward of Old Enterprise, which name applies 
_ to the bluff just described, is an orange grove, and beyond 
this an “old-field,” which rests upon a thin deposit of shells, 
distributed somewhat uniformly over the surface. Excaya- 
_ tions made here in many places gave the same results as 
Were obtained at the bluff. 
Horse Landing is a shell-mound on the right bank of the 
tiver a few miles above Pilatka, and eight miles below Lake 
: George ; it is three hundred feet in length, one hundred in 
breadth in the widest part, and rises abruptly in every direc- 
tion. On the front it shows a vertical wall about eight feet 
high, giving a good section of its whole structure, the result 
of the action of the river which here makes a sudden bend. 
_ Underneath the shells is a layer of sand rising about four 
tet above the water, which at the time we visited the local- 
UY, was not much below its highest mark. In its general 
_ “Ppearance the mound has the aspect of a geological deposit, 
_ ™ consequence of the compactness of the materials, the 
| Beater decomposition of these than is seen elsewhere, and 
a above all, from its distinct stratification. The upper portion 
f the sand on which it rests is more or less mixed with 
: fragments of shells, and still higher are alternate layers of 
se, and of shells mixed with sand; it is this condition 
; Which gives the whole its stratified appearance. At one place 
SX such alternations were counted, but in others they were 
ic Senet ee ee Pe a 
ane i Bh) i 


Sa appearance are suggested: first, successive. over- 
the river; second, interrupted occupation of the 
51 
NATURALIST, VOL.. II. 
“SS numerous. None of the strata extended continuously 
‘ sh the whole length of the mound. Two explanations — 
. 
