112 United States Survey of the Territories. | February, 
g 
of stone, occupying a narrow ledge in the vertical face of the bluff 
700 feet above the valley, and 200 feet from the top. It is 24 feet 
in length and 14 feet in depth, and divided into four rooms on the 
ground-floor. The beams supporting the second floor are all de- 
stroyed. The doorways, serving also as windows, were quite 
small, only one small aperture in the outer wall facing the valley. 
The exposed walls were lightly plastered over with clay, and so 
closely resembled the general surface of the bluff that it becomes 
exceedingly difficult to distinguish them at a little distance from 
their surroundings. 
The second model of this series was constructed by Mr. Jack- 
son, and represents the large “ cave town,” in the valley of Rio de 
Chelly near its junction with the San Juan. This town is located 
upon a narrow bench, occurring about 80 feet above the base of a 
perpendicular bluff some 300 feet in height. It is 545 feet in 
length, about 40 feet at its greatest depth, and shows about 75 
apartments on its ground-plan. The left-hand third of the town, 
as we face it, is overhung some distance by the bluff, protecting 
the buildings beneath much more perfectly than the others. This 
is the portion represented by the model. A three-story tower 
forms the central feature; upon either side are rows of lesser 
buildings, built one above odir upon the sloping floor of rock. 
Nearly all these buildings are in a fair state of preservation. This 
model: is 37 by 47 inches, outside measurements, and the scale 
1.72, or 6 feet to the inch. A “restoration” of the above forms 
the third in the series, of the same size and scale, and is intended 
as its name implies, to represent as nearly as possible the original 
condition of the ruin. In this we see that the approaches were 
made by ladders and steps hewn in the rock, and that the roofs 
of one tier of rooms served as a terrace for those back of them, 
showing a similarity, at least, in their construction to the works of a 
the Pueblos in New Mexico and Arizona. Scattered about over 
the buildings are miniature representations of the people at theif 
various occupations, with pottery and other domestic utensils. 
The “ triple-walled tower,” at the head of the McElmo, is the 
subject of the fourth model. It was constructed by Mr. Holmes, 
and represents, as indicated by its title, a triple-walled tower, situ- 
ated in the midst of a considerable extent of lesser ruins, probably 
of dwellings, occupying a low bench bordering the dry wash of 
e McElmo. The tower is 42 feet in diameter, the wall two feet- 
